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🇷🇴 Romania · Tell
Late Neolithic through Eneolithic (Boian → Gumelnița → Cernavodă) · Boian → Gumelnița → Cernavodă I
Bordușani-Popină (Bordușani Island Tell) is a multi-period tell/ancient village in Ialomița County, Bordușani Commune, Balta Ialomiței island, Danube floodplain, Romania — Danube floodplain island…
🇾🇪 Yemen · Hydraulic works
Himyarite to Zaydi 380–980 CE Hadramawt east · Himyarite Jirdan Hadramawt then Zaydi highland (Yemen)
Dual spate weirs 85+62×2.8 m gabion with 4 spillways 12 m feeding 6.2 km distributary 38 ha: Himyarite 380 Zaydi 980.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Early Bronze Age I–III (c.3500–2000 BCE) with Late Chalcolithic base · Western Anatolian EBA (Eskişehir phase, Troy I–II contemporary)
EBA II–III walled plateau town (c.3500–2000 BCE) with monumental compound and planned lower town — Eskişehir plain urbanism type-site.
🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia · Earthwork
Neolithic to Bronze Age · Arabian Neolithic pastoralists
15,000 stone structures on black lava—gates, kites and pendants of Neolithic Arabia (7000–5000 BCE).
🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia · Rock art
Holocene: Neolithic to Bronze Age to Thamudic · Successive Arabian Holocene cultures (hunter-herder to caravaneer)
10,000-year petroglyph palimpsest at Jebel Umm Sinman—UNESCO rock art on a vanished lake shore.
🇩🇿 Algeria · Hydraulic works
Islamic Berber (900–1050 CE) Tidikelt Zenata · Zenata Berber Tidikelt (Algerian Sahara)
Tidikelt foggara 3.8 km 84 shafts 8–14 m with 12-notch peigne comb sharing 18 ha In Salah oasis 1050 CE.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Bronze–Iron Age · Hittite viceroy, Neo-Hittite Suhi dynasty, Assyrian
Straddling Euphrates ford metropolis: Hittite viceroy-capital with King’s Gate hieroglyphs and 605 BCE battlefield.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Ancient city
Ptolemaic to Roman (3rd c BCE–3rd c CE) · Ptolemaic / Roman Egyptian
Lake Qarun crocodile temple town Dime es-Sobai with 320-m lion dromos to harbour.
🇱🇾 Libya · Ancient city
Iron Age Saharan to Islamic (900 BCE–600 CE) · Garamantian (Saharan Berber)
6-ha foggara-irrigated Garamantian capital with 500 qanat and 250 tombs in Fezzan heartland.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Submerged site
331 BCE – Medieval (331 BCE – 1422 CE harbour active) · Ptolemaic/Hellenistic / Roman / Byzantine
Alexandria's Portus Magnus — twin harbour, Heptastadion mole and 3500 fallen Pharos blocks 4–12 m down in Eastern Harbour.
🇨🇳 China · Hydraulic works
Sui to Song (605–1080) · Sui–Tang Imperial (Yang Guang–Li Shimin)
Sui Grand Canal western 40-m prism 605 CE with Tongji wharf and Huiluo Barn harbour, Grand Canal type section.
🇨🇳 China · Hydraulic works
Qin to Tang to Qing continuous use · Qin imperial engineers under Shi Lu
214 BCE Qin contour canal—36 km linking Yangtze to Pearl via watershed split and 1,400-year-earlier pound locks.
🇧🇴 Bolivia · Earthwork
Late Intermediate, Casarabe culture · Casarabe (Moxos) savanna farmers
1,000 km of causeways + 147 forest-island cities (500–1400 CE) in seasonally flooded Beni savanna.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Temple complex
Hellenistic to Antonine (Mylasan Karia) · Carian Greek (Mylasa sphere, later Roman)
Carian olive-grove Corinthian 6×11 with 16 columns upright to architrave, dedication to Zeus Lepsynos.
🇨🇳 China · Rock-cut
Northern Wei to Song · Northern Wei, Sui, Tang cosmopolitan
Luoyang west bank core with Guyang 493 earliest cave 800 inscriptions and Binyang pagoda, Northern Wei–Tang.
🇮🇱 Israel · Earthwork
PPNB to Early Bronze Age · Levantine Neolithic pastoral-hunters
100 Negev kites on desert plateau—30-cm walls funneling gazelle into live-capture pens (7000–3000 BCE).
🇪🇬 Egypt · Tell
Predynastic → Old Kingdom Delta-Sinai gateway (3500–2200 BCE) · Predynastic → Old Kingdom Delta-Sinai gateway (3500–2200 BCE)
Tell el-Murra in North Sinai / Eastern Delta, near Qantara East, Egypt is a Predynastic → Old Kingdom Delta-Sinai gateway (3500–2200 BCE) settlement attributed to Predynastic → Old Kingdom…
🇮🇷 Iran · Hydraulic works
Achaemenid to present (520 BCE–ongoing) · Achaemenid Gonabad oasis (Khorasan piedmont)
South Gonabad gallery 4.1 km with 62 shafts 42 m mother well: Achaemenid 520 BCE saruj, 12 L/s to Ghasemabad saffron.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Temple complex
Classical to Hellenistic (Iliadic tradition to 150 BCE) · Aeolian Greek and later Pergamene sphere
Iliad's Mouse-Apollo temple 150 BCE Ionic pseudodipteral with Homeric friezes, Homeric cult.
🇳🇪 Niger · Ancient village
Early to Middle Holocene (7700–2500 BCE) · Kiffian/AA foragers → Tenerian pastoralists
Gobero lakeside cemeteries tracking 5,000 years of Sahara greening and desertification.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Ancient village
Old Kingdom → First Intermediate → Middle Kingdom (2700–1800 BCE) · Old Kingdom → First Intermediate → Middle Kingdom (2700–1800 BCE)
Kom el-Hisn in Beheira Governorate, Western Delta, Khatatba, Egypt is a Old Kingdom → First Intermediate → Middle Kingdom (2700–1800 BCE) settlement attributed to Old Kingdom → First Intermediate →…
🇪🇬 Egypt · Temple complex
Ptolemaic to Late Roman (3rd c BCE–7th c CE) · Ptolemaic Egyptian / Greek
Lake Mariout harbour-city Taposiris Magna with Osiris temple and Cleopatra-tunnel.
🇨🇳 China · Rock-cut
Eastern Wei to Tang · Han Chinese Buddhist, Northern Dynasties, Tang cosmopolitan
Taiyuan south peak 13 caves with Tang Manshan Pavilion Maitreya 4 m and stolen apsaras digital-reunion, 534–907 CE.
🇩🇰 Denmark · Ancient city
Migration → Viking Age 550–1100 (Zealand central place Tyr's Lake 600–700) · Zealand Viking Age (Tyr's Lake Tyr sanctuary) — Zealand central place (Fugledegård)
Tissø (Lake Tissø–Fugledegård) — Zealand Viking Age lake central-place (c.550–1100, hall 550–700 peak) on western Zealand lake Tissø island and Fugledegård shore peninsula 12 km southeast Kalundborg.
