🇹🇷 Turkey · Temple complex
Notion (Notium) — Temple of Apollo at Claros Outpost
Classical to Late Antiquity (500 BCE – 600 CE) · Aeolian Greek (Kolophonian) and Roman
Kolophon harbour city with Doric Apollo temple facing mother city.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Submerged site
Phaselis – Triple Harbour City of Lycia, Kemer
Archaic to Byzantine (690 BCE – 700 CE) · Rhodian Greek / Lycian / Roman / Byzantine
Rhodian 690 BCE triple-harbour isthmus city — north mole 90 m at −1 m and south naval basin 100x75 m at −3 m.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Submerged site
Sinope (Sinop) – Milesian Harbour Mills of the Black Sea
Archaic Greek to Ottoman (630 BCE – 1922 CE) · Milesian Greek / Paphlagonian / Mithridatic
630 BCE Milesian double harbour on isthmus — north 160 m and south 240 m moles subsided –1 to –4 m on both harbour sides.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient village
Çavi Tarlası — Nisibis Halaf Plain Settlement
Halaf (6100–5400 BCE) and early Ubaid transition · Halaf (Balikh facies)
Halaf tholos settlement 6100 BCE — keyhole tholoi with painted fine ware.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Temple complex
Alinda Temple of Apollo — Karpuzlu Hilltop Agora
Hekatomnid to Hellenistic · Hekatomnid Carian, Hellenistic
Karpuzlu 350-m hilltop with 2-column Apollo prostylos and 3-km Hekatomnid walls, Queen Ada's refuge 340 BCE.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Buried city
Elaia – Harbour of Pergamon on the Aeolian Coast
Classical to Byzantine (400 BCE – 1200 CE) · Aeolian Greek / Attalid Pergamene / Roman / Byzantine
Attalid royal harbour — 400 m closed basin 26 km from Pergamon, silted 2nd c. CE as Bakırçay delta prograded; magnetic walls at −1 m.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Temple complex
Herakleia ad Latmos — Athena Temple on Granos Hill
Hellenistic · Hekatomnid Carian, Hellenistic
Lake Bafa gneiss city with 6.5-km Hellenistic walls and 3rd BCE Athena temple above Endymion grotto.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Temple complex
Myus Temple of Dionysus — Avşar Kalesi Peninsula
Archaic to Roman · Ionian, Hellenistic, Carian
Avşar Peninsula white marble Dionysus 2nd BCE (Hermogenes) with theatre above Maeander silt gulf, smallest Ionian League city.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Temple complex
Stratonikeia Hekate Temple — Lagina Sanctuary of Hekate
Hellenistic to Roman (200 BCE – 250 CE) · Seleucid foundation to Rhodian to Roman Karian
Largest Hekate temple 8×11 with Gigantomachy frieze linked via 9 km Sacred Way to city.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Temple complex
Teos Theatre Terrace — Dionysus Sanctuary Overlook
Hellenistic to Roman (300 BCE – 300 CE) · Ionian Teian with Hellenistic king patronage
Upper terrace of Technitai Dionysus sanctuary above theatre and harbour.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Temple complex
Hyllarima Temple of Zeus Hyllos — Kavaklıdere Upland
Classical to Roman · Carian, Hellenistic
850-m Kavaklıdere upland Zeus Hyllos 2nd BCE prostylos with agora odeion, Chrysaoric League pastoral city.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Temple complex
Erythrae (Erythrai) — Temple of Athena Polias and Sibyl Rock
Archaic to Byzantine (1100 BCE – 600 CE) · Ionian Greek (Erythraean)
Erythraean peninsula Athena cliff temple and Sibyl throne opposite Chios.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Temple complex
Didyma Eastern Temenos — Apollo Temple Sacred Precinct
Archaic to Roman (600 BCE – 250 CE) · Milesian Greek to Hellenistic Seleucid to Roman
Eastern hypaethral adyton with sacred spring and stadium of Branchidae oracle.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Temple complex
Magnesia on the Maeander — Temple of Artemis Leukophryene
Archaic to Byzantine (1100 BCE – 600 CE) · Aeolian/Ionian Greek and Roman (Pergamene)
Hermogenes' pseudodipteral Artemis temple 150 BCE — Vitruvian beautiful after Ephesus.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Temple complex
Temple of Artemis at Kyzicos? Actually Temple of Hadrian (Hadrian Temple) at Kyzikos, Erdek
Roman Imperial (Hadrianic) · Roman Mysia (Kyzikos neocorate)
Hadrian's isthmus temple 50×92 m colossus on Kapıdağ isthmus, largest Marmara temple.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Temple complex
Iasos Agora Temple — Kıyıköy Fishing Harbour Sanctuary
Archaic to Roman (700 BCE – 400 CE) · Karian–Ionian Iasians with Athenian attachment
Harbour hill temple atop agora overlooking double harbours and garum vats.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Kavuşan Höyük (Batman Province, Beşiri–Ilısu zone, Upper Tigris)
Halaf-Ubaid to Late Bronze (5.5k–1200 BCE) · Ubaid → Khabur → Mitanni → Middle Assyrian
Beşiri Tigris tell (Ubaid through Late Bronze) with 12 m sequence — Mitanni kilns and Khabur ware, Ilısu Garzan buffer salvage.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Temple complex
Knidos Apollo Temple — Datça Peninsula Karne Island Sanctuary
Archaic Dorian to Hellenistic (600 BCE – 100 BCE) · Dorian Knidians with Triopian league
Apollo Karneios doric 6×11 on double-harbour terrace of Triopian Dorian expansion city.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Temple complex
Heraclea at Latmus Athena Temple — Endymion Mountain City Sanctuary
Hellenistic (300–150 BCE) foundation over Archaic · Hellenistic Lysimachan Heracleans with Karian memory
Athena peripteros 6×11 on cyclopean walled acropolis above Bafa Lake Endymion heroon.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Alishar Höyük
Chalcolithic to Iron Age to Medieval · Anatolian Halaf-Ubaid → EBA → Hittite → Phrygian
Large stratified tell (Chalcolithic c.4000 BCE to Phrygian/Medieval, peak EBA–Iron) controlling Kanak Su pass between Kültepe and Hattusa.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Submerged site
Amastris – Double Harbour of Paphlagonia, Amasra
Hellenistic to Ottoman (300 BCE – 1923 CE) · Persian / Ionian Greek / Pontic / Roman / Genoese
Persian princess city 300 BCE — double bays Büyük and Küçük Liman divided by islet with 90 m mole at −2 m.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Fortified city
Anavarza (Anazarbus) and Castle
Hellenistic to medieval (c.100 BCE–1375 CE) · Cappadocian → Roman → Byzantine → Armenian → Mamluk
Cilician metropolis beneath triple-ward Armenian castle on limestone ridge with stadium and triumphal arch.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Ani
Bagratuni Armenian Kingdom · Armenian
Medieval Armenian capital (961–1045) at peak 100,000 inhabitants, Bagratuni palaces, Cathedral of Ani (1001), Tigran Honents church with frescoes, double city walls.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Antioch
Seleucid to Mamluk · Greek → Roman → Byzantine → Crusader
One of the four great cities of antiquity (300 BCE–1400 CE), founded by Seleucus I honoring father Antiochos, capital of Seleucid kingdom and Roman Syria with 500,000 inhabitants at peak (Aug 5),…