🇪🇸 Spain · Megalith
Dolmens of Antequera
Neolithic to Bronze Age · Iberian megalithic
Three megalithic monuments (Menga, Viera, El Romeral) forming UNESCO site with natural monuments Peña de los Enamorados and El Torcal.
🇪🇸 Spain · Rock art
El Castillo Cave
Mousterian to Magdalenian ~150–11 ka BP · Neanderthal then Aurignacian to Magdalenian
Monte Castillo reference sequence cave with 40 ka red disks and 150 kyr stratigraphy.
🇪🇸 Spain · Mine
Els Closos Mine — Balearic Copper Galleries Pre-Talayotic
Bronze Age (1600–1100 BCE navetas via copper mine) · Bronze Age Balearic copper mining 1600 BCE galleries
Closos mine copper 1600 BCE.
🇪🇸 Spain · Megalith
Hospitalet Vell — Talayotic Naveta Proto Village Manacor
Pre-Talayotic (1800 BCE naveta) → Talayotic (1200–800 BCE talayot additions) · Balearic naveta → Talayotic transition Hospitalet 1800 naveta total
Hospitalet Vell Rosselló 1970, naveta 12 m transition 1800–1100.
🇪🇸 Spain · Ancient city
La Bastida de Totana — Argaric Fortified City
El Argar Bronze Age (2200–1550 BCE) · El Argar
Totana hill city excavated by Lull & Micó since 2009, type-site of Argaric urbanism, with fortified acropolis and extramural cemeteries.
🇪🇸 Spain · Ancient village
La Draga – Early Neolithic Lake Dwelling (Banyoles, Catalonia)
Early Neolithic, Cardial–Epicardial (5300 BCE) · Cardial Neolithic fisher-farmers (Iberian Early Neolithic)
5300 BCE Cardial pile dwelling on Lake Banyoles—earliest lake village in Mediterranean with bows and dairy.
🇪🇸 Spain · Rock art
La Pasiega Cave
Middle Paleolithic to Magdalenian ~64–11 ka BP · Neanderthal and later Solutrean/Magdalenian
Monte Castillo cave with 64 ka Neanderthal ladder motif and 700 parietal figures.
🇪🇸 Spain · Megalith
Los Millares
Chalcolithic (Copper Age) · Los Millares culture
Copper Age fortified town near Almería (3200-2200 BCE) with walls, aqueduct and 80 tholos tombs defining Los Millares culture.
🇪🇸 Spain · Ancient city
Los Millares Chalcolithic Walled Town
Chalcolithic (3200–2200 BCE) · Los Millares (Iberian Chalcolithic)
Almería's Copper Age capital excavated by L. Siret 1891, with 13 hill forts, 80 tholos tombs with eye-idols and copper tools.
🇪🇸 Spain · Megalith
Naveta des Tudons
Late Bronze Age · Talayotic culture of Menorca (Pretalayotic)
Menorca's iconic boat-shaped naveta tomb — 14 m cyclopean funerary monument 1200-750 BCE, UNESCO 2023.
🇪🇸 Spain · Megalith
Pedra da Arca — Pino do Val Cromlech Group 7 Dolmens with Mastiff
Neolithic (4000–3000 BCE group 7 dolmens in 1 km) · Galician Neolithic cluster Pedra da Arca 7 tombs
Pedra da Arca 7 dolmens cluster.
🇪🇸 Spain · Submerged site
Royllo – Phantom Island West of the Canaries, 1424 Chart
Portolan phantom (1424–1448) · Venetian–Portuguese cartography
Canaries Royllo phantom 1424 – 30 km islet at 29°N 18°W west of Ferro, abyssal.
🇪🇸 Spain · Ancient city
Rusadir
Phoenician to Late Antique (7th c. BCE–5th c. CE) · Phoenician / Punic / Roman / Mauri
Punic-Roman cape town beneath Melilla with dye vats and tophet.
🇪🇸 Spain · Ancient city
Russadir (Melilla)
Phoenician to Modern (7th c BCE–present; peak Punic 5th–3rd c BCE and Roman 1st–3rd c CE) · Phoenician / Punic / Roman / Medieval Spanish
Punic–Roman promontory citadel Russadir forming core of Melilla la Vieja.
🇪🇸 Spain · Megalith
Talaiot de Trepucó — Maó, Menorca
Bronze Age to Iron Age Talayotic (c.1200–123 BCE) · Talayotic (Menorcan Bronze–Iron)
Trepucó (Talayotic c.1200–123 BCE) 2 km south of Maó is Menorca's largest talayotic village, 5 ha with central 17-m high truncated cone talaiot 20 m diameter and outer walls 4 m thick enclosing a…
🇪🇸 Spain · Ancient city
Tartessos and Doñana – Western Atlantis Hypothesis
Late Bronze to Iron Age Tartessian (1200–550 BCE collapse) · Iberian Tartessian with Phoenician Tartessos emporion + Greek
Arganthonios's Tartessian kingdom Guadalquivir — Doñana marsh 'rings' claimed Atlantis 2011, disproved as salinas.
🇪🇸 Spain · Megalith
Tholos de El Romeral
Chalcolithic to Early Bronze Age (c.3800–2500 BCE) · Los Millares / Alentejo Chalcolithic (tholos tradition)
Antequera hill tholos (corbelled dome 5.2 m) with 26 m corridor — Mediterranean-type beehive tomb 4 km north of Menga/Viera.
🇪🇸 Spain · Megalith
Tholos de Montelirio
Chalcolithic · Valencina Copper Age / Los Millares horizon
Seville Chalcolithic tholos with 40 m corridor and sun-motif slabs, part of 400 ha Valencina copper town.
🇪🇸 Spain · Rock art
Tito Bustillo Cave
Solutrean to Magdalenian ~18–11 ka BP · Magdalenian Cantabrian
Ribadesella polychrome Magdalenian cave sealed until 1968 with 14 ka harpoon culture art.
🇪🇸 Spain · Megalith
Trepuco — Talayotic Chief Burial Taula and Talayot Near Mahón
Talayotic (700–300 BCE) Trepuco taula highest 4.20 m · Talayotic chiefdom Trepuco 700 BCE high taula 4.2 m with wall 3 m high
Trepuco 1930s Trepuco taula 4.20 m tallest.
🇪🇸 Spain · Rock art
Valltorta — Cova dels Cavalls and Culture Park
Mesolithic to Chalcolithic (7000–2000 BCE) · Mesolithic Levantine hunters then Neolithic Schematic farmers
Levantine type site Cova dels Cavalls 57 deer-archer frieze 7000–3500 BCE, UNESCO 874 origin.
🇲🇱 Mali · Ancient city
Gao-Saney – Trans-Saharan Entrepôt & Tomb of Askia's Pilgrims
Trans-Saharan (c. 600–1300 CE; peak 9th–12th c as Kawkaw) · Songhai–Berber (Gao empire; Almoravid links)
Old Gao's eastern port suburb Gao-Saney with merchant quarter and cemetery of 11th c Arabic stelae (spirals, Kufic) documenting Islamisation and gold trade to Sijilmasa; stelae mar...
🇫🇷 France · Archaeological wonder
Aimargues
Aimargues (French pronunciation: [ɛmaʁɡ]) is a commune in the Gard department in southern France.
🇲🇽 Mexico · Archaeological wonder
Chapultepec Castle
Chapultepec Castle (Spanish: Castillo de Chapultepec) is located on top of Chapultepec Hill in Mexico City's Chapultepec park.