🇹🇳 Tunisia · Ancient city
Utica
Phoenician / Punic / Roman / Late Antique · Phoenician / Roman
Phoenician port 1101 BCE now 12 km inland due to siltation; Roman capital of Africa with waterfall mosaic house.
🇱🇾 Libya · Ancient port
Leptis Magna — Hannibal's House? no — harbour and Hippodrome submergence
Phoenician 1100 BCE → Roman Septimian 211 CE Arch of Septimius, harbour 200 CE Severan 600 m lighthouse 35 m high · Phoenician Leptis (Neapolis) → Roman Septimius Severus hometown (Emperor 193 CE) harbour built hometown glory
Leptis Magna harbour Italian 1920s, Severus hometown 200.
🇱🇧 Lebanon · Ancient city
Sarepta (Sarafand)
Bronze – Crusader (peak Phoenician 1200–333 BCE) · Phoenician (Canaanite)
Only excavated Phoenician heartland city (2000 BCE–333 BCE) — pottery, glass and Tanit shrine.
🇸🇾 Syria · Tell
Tell Sukas (Shuksu)
MBA through Classical · Canaanite MBA → Ugaritic Shuksi (LB) → Phoenician → Greek emporion
Syrian coastal harbour tell (Shuksi) with MBA to Greek emporion — MBA Canaanite, LB Mycenaean imports and Phoenician Euboean emporion, Danish 1958 dig.
🇨🇾 Cyprus · Ancient port
Amathus — Cypriot Seaport Rock-Cut Tomb Harbour
Iron Age Phoenician (1050 BCE Amathus port) through Ptolemaic to Roman harbour 1st c. CE submerged 365 CE quake · Phoenician Greek Cypriot Amathus (Aphrodite temple) 800 BCE large vase Amathus 1.85 m Louvre
Amathus Petit excav, vase 1.85 m 700 BCE.
🇮🇱 Israel · Ancient city
Tel Anafa — Hellenistic Stuccoed Villa Quarter
Hellenistic (125–80 BCE) over Iron Persian tell · Phoenician Hellenistic (Sidonian merchants)
Hula tell excavated by Weinberg & Berlin 1968–86, 125 BCE stuccoed luxury house with Doric stucco columns.
🇨🇾 Cyprus · Submerged site
Kition-Bamboula – Phoenician Harbour Anchorage at Larnaca
Late Bronze Age to Medieval (1400 BCE – 1200 CE) · Mycenaean / Phoenician / Ptolemaic / Roman
Phoenician Kition 9th c. BCE — 6 ship sheds at −1 m and 60 m mole at −1.5 m under Larnaca Bamboula seafront.
🇨🇾 Cyprus · Submerged site
Kition Bamboula – Phoenician Harbour of Larnaca
Mycenaean to Ptolemaic (13th c. BCE – 312 BCE) · Mycenaean / Phoenician / Cypriot Cypro-Classical
Phoenician copper harbour whose Astarte temple and shipshed ramp lie –1 to –4 m under modern Larnaca bay fill.
🇱🇧 Lebanon · Ancient city
Sidon
Neolithic to present (c.4000 BCE–present; Bronze Age city from 3000 BCE) · Canaanite / Phoenician / Persian / Hellenistic / Roman / Crusader / Ottoman
Third great Phoenician city-state, Sidon was famed for glassmaking, purple dye, and as mother-city of Tyre.