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🇵🇪 Peru · Temple complex
Preceramic Mito 2200 BCE to Chavín 1000 BCE to Recuay 500 CE multi-occupied 2200–500 BCE · Kotosh-Mito → Chavín → Recuay Huaricoto with 3 temple superimpositions
Huaricoto Burger 1980 Mit double and white plaster 2200 BCE.
🇵🇪 Peru · Ancient city
Casma (Sechín Casma culture 1100–1470 Chimú conquer 1350; Inca 1470 Chimu later) · Casma (Sechín) → Chimú → Inca (Manchan 1100 pre-CHimú capital of Casma Sechin polity 63 ha Terraced Sechin Cerro)
Manchan Moore 1981 Casma empire 63 ha planned 200 compounds.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Pyramid
3rd Dynasty provincial Huni (c.2670 BCE) — northernmost provincial pyramid · Old Kingdom 3rd Dynasty
Zawiyet el-Meitin excavated by Leclant, northern provincial.
🇮🇹 Italy · Submerged site
Roman Vesuvius 79 CE (Herculaneum destroyed 01:30 Aug 25 79 CE) · Roman Herculaneum beach harbour fisher folk last victims
Herculaneum beach 1980 Magi 340 skeletons beach boathouses.
🇵🇹 Portugal · Megalith
Neolithic (3000 BCE) later Christian chapel 17th c. built inside dome 17th conversion of Pavia Dolmen Saint Dionísio · Alentejo Neolithic + Christian repurpose
Pavia church-dolmen 1640 Alentejo syncretism chapel-dolmen.
🇱🇾 Libya · Ancient port
Phoenician 1100 BCE → Roman Septimian 211 CE Arch of Septimius, harbour 200 CE Severan 600 m lighthouse 35 m high · Phoenician Leptis (Neapolis) → Roman Septimius Severus hometown (Emperor 193 CE) harbour built hometown glory
Leptis Magna harbour Italian 1920s, Severus hometown 200.
🇲🇷 Mauritania · Ancient city
Ghana to Mali to Songhai medieval (11th c. CE foundation; 14th c. peak Ibn Battuta 1352) · Soninke → Berber → Mali Empire caravan scholars
Walata occupied 1000–, Ibn Battuta 1352, manuscript ksar.
🇦🇲 Armenia · Temple complex
Bagratid (976–991 church Surb Nshan, Hamid 1185, 13th c. bell tower) · Armenian Bagratid to Zakarian (10th–13th c.)
Haghpat excavated Soviet, UNESCO 1996 with Sanahin pair.
🇵🇹 Portugal · Megalith
Neolithic (5000–4000 BCE menhir of 7.15 m phallic Bernardus hill) · Alentejo Neolithic menhir carver 5000 BCE
Meada menhir 1990 inspection largest Iberia 7.15 m 18 t.
🇵🇹 Portugal · Megalith
Neolithic (5200–4200 BCE) Almendres satellite · Alentejo Neolithic satellite 5200-4200
Vale Maria do Meio excavated by Pina 1960s, U cromlech.
🇦🇲 Armenia · Temple complex
Medieval (7th c. early; Surb Astvatsatsin 1201 Zakarian) · Armenian Zakarian princes & later Armenian Catholicos summer seat 1850–1932
Harich Catholicos seat 1850–1932, Zakarian 1201 church.
🇲🇽 Mexico · Pyramid
Epiclassic (600–900 CE) late Classic Bajío · Bajío (Tarascan ancestor) with Teotihuacan theme brazier
Plazuelas excavated by INAH 1998–, 1200 pecked spirals.
🇮🇱 Israel · Submerged site
Late Pottery Neolithic Wadi Rabah (5800–5400 BCE) → Chalcolithic 4000 BCE reuse · Wadi Rabah PN late Neolithic
Neve Yam excavated by Galili 1990s Wadi Rabah variant.
🇵🇹 Portugal · Megalith
Neolithic (6000–3000 BCE earliest Almendres 6000 alley; cromlech 5000 BCE) · Alentejo Neolithic Almendres (Cardial) and later
Almendres Gromlech Sofia's largest Iberian, 6000 BCE.
🇪🇸 Spain · Megalith
Talayotic (1100–500 BCE settlement 2000 m²; 200 BCE Punic cistern 2 after 123 BCE Roman conquest) · Talayotic → Punic 6th c. BCE contact → Roman to Punic merged
S'Illot coastal talayotic with Punic cistern 200 BCE.
🇵🇹 Portugal · Megalith
Neolithic (4000 BCE) rescue before Alqueva 2004 · Alentejo Xarez phase
Xarez 51 square relocated before Alqueva flood 2004.
🇱🇾 Libya · Ancient port
Phoenician (500 BCE) → Punic → Roman Septimian basilica 2nd c. CE urban expansion Severus, 365 Crete quake partially submerged 1 m · Punic → Roman Antonine Severan harbour theatre 108 m diameter with 3-storey scaenae
Sabratha Guidi 1923 Severan theatre of Severus 150.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
Napatan (650 BCE Queen pyramid small) · Kushite Napatan queen
Kurru KU14 excavated by Reisner, queen of Aspelta.
🇪🇸 Spain · Megalith
Neolithic (3800–2700 BCE corridor 3800, painted 2700 BCE) · Galician Neolithic Dombate style (Atlantic megalithic painted art)
Dombate excavated by Bello 1998 Galician largest.
🇵🇪 Peru · Fortress
Chimú (1100–1470 CE border fortress 30 m high pyramidal fortress) later Inca 1470 reused · Chimú border fort vs Chancay/Inca; Inca reused as border 1470
Paramonga fort excavated by Cieza and Middendorf.
🇵🇪 Peru · Ancient city
Norte Chico Preceramic (3700–2500 BCE coastal capital 15 mounds 3700–2500) · Norte Chico coastal sibling to Caral (Aspero has 6 mounds associated shell middens)
Aspero Feldman 1980 3700 BCE mounds with shicra.
🇮🇱 Israel · Submerged site
Pre-Pottery Neolithic C (PPNC, 7550–6570 BCE) — with earliest olive and well 5.5 m · PPNC Mediterranean fishing-farming village with stone wells 1.5 m diameter
Atlit-Yam Galili 1984 PPNC 7550 BCE oldest well.
🇵🇪 Peru · Temple complex
Preceramic Late (3000–1800 BCE Chuquitanta; main 2200 BCE Temple I) · Norte Chico? Late Preceramic Chillón (El Paraíso phase)
El Paraíso Engel 1965 largest Preceramic 100 ha.
🇦🇲 Armenia · Temple complex
Bagratid-Zakarian (10th c. St Gregory 10th; 1184 Surb Astvatsatsin 1248 with gavit) · Bagratid → Zakarian (10th–13th c.) Armenian
Haghartsin forest 10th–13th excavated 1990–2010.
