🇪🇬 Egypt · Archaeological wonder
Abu Mena
Late Roman to Early Byzantine 4th–7th c. CE, peak 5th–6th c. · Coptic Christian / Byzantine Egyptian
Desert pilgrimage city of Saint Menas, 4th–7th c., now endangered by water table rise.
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🇪🇬 Egypt · Submerged site
Antirhodos Island – Cleopatra's Sunken Palace Island
Ptolemaic to Late Antique (c. 300 BCE – 365 CE submerged) · Ptolemaic Greek / Roman
Cleopatra's palace island in Alexandria Eastern Harbour — Ptolemaic royal isle now 6 m down with sphinx and granite palaces.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Ancient city
Hierakonpolis (Nekhen)
Predynastic to Old Kingdom (Naqada I–III to 2686 BCE; peak Naqada III) · Egyptian (Predynastic Naqada II–III / Early Dynastic)
Predynastic megacity 3500 BCE 5 ha yielding Narmer Palette, earliest 12 m mudbrick fort, HK6 elephant burial and painted Tomb 100.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Temple complex
Labyrinth of Hawara
Middle Kingdom, 12th Dynasty c.1860–1814 BCE · Ancient Egyptian (Amenemhat III)
Herodotus's 3000-room labyrinth beside Faiyum now rubble field.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Ancient city
Antinopolis (Antinoë)
Roman to Early Islamic (130–800 CE) · Roman / Greek / Egyptian
130 CE Hadrian-planned city for Antinous with 300-m hippodrome, triumphal arch and North Cemetery mummy portraits.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Ancient city
Elephantine Island
Predynastic to Medieval (3500 BCE–10th c CE; peak Old Kingdom and Persian-Jewish) · Ancient Egyptian / Jewish-Aramaic / Nubian
1.8-km cataract island with Khnum temples, nilometer 90 steps and Elephantine Aramaic Jewish papyri archive.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city
Tebtunis — Central Sobek Temple and Canal Bridge
Ptolemaic to Byzantine (310 BCE – 400 CE) · Ptolemaic / Graeco-Roman Egyptian, Sobek priesthood
Central temple-harbour of Tebtunis — Sobek temple and canal bridge at Umm el-Baragat buried 4–7 m.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Submerged site
Berenike — Northern Lagoon Extension Harbour at Foul Bay
Ptolemaic to Late Roman (275 BCE – 550 CE) · Ptolemaic Greek / Roman Egyptian / Nabataean trade diaspora
Northern lagoon basin of Berenike — rock-cut mole at 0.8–2.2 m behind mangrove spit in Foul Bay.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city
Karanis — Western Granary Quarter at Kom Aushim West (Fayum West) — v2
Ptolemaic to Late Roman (275 BCE – 500 CE) · Greco-Roman Fayum
Western granary quarter of Karanis 1–3 m buried west of main tell — vaulted horrea 30×15 m and canal sluice at –2 m.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Submerged site
Tel Dafana (Daphnae) – Psamtik's Greek Frontier Fort at Pelusium
Late Period to Persian (664 – 525 BCE) · Saite Egyptian / East Greek mercenary Ionian–Carian
664 BCE Saite Greek mercenary fort at Pelusium gateway — casemate walls half in Pelusiac sebkha –1 to –3 m with Greek pottery.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Ancient city
Pi-Ramses (Per-Ramses) – Qantir Vanished Metropolis
New Kingdom 19th–20th Dyn (1279–1070 BCE) · Egyptian New Kingdom imperial
Ramesses II's 10 km² vanished capital – 460 chariot stables and glass factories buried under Delta fields.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city
Naukratis – Nile Delta Greek Emporion & Submerged Canopic Anchorage
Late Period to Ptolemaic–Roman (620 BCE – 4th c. CE) · Saqite Egyptian / Milesian-Samian-Aeginetan Greek
Panhellenic Delta emporion 620 BCE — Psamtik Greek colony whose 300 m Canopic harbour channel now 8 m under Nile silt with lagoon quay.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Ancient city
El-Lahun — Senwosret II Ancillary Town (Kahun, Fayum)
Bronze Age to Classical (3000 BCE–500 CE) · Bronze Age urban
El-Lahun — Senwosret II Ancillary Town (Kahun, Fayum) in Fayum, El-Lahun, Egypt is a Bronze Age to Classical (3000 BCE–500 CE) ancient city attributed to B…
🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city
Karanis — Central Insula Granary Complex at Kom Aushim
Ptolemaic to Late Roman (3rd c. BCE – 5th c. CE) · Graeco-Roman Egyptian (Ptolemaic cleruchs, Roman veterans)
Central granary insula of Karanis — twin vaulted granaries at Kom Aushim buried 3–6 m with papyrus jar.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city
Sais – Buried Saite Capital Harbour at Sa el-Hagar
Early Dynastic to Late Antique (3500 BCE – 400 CE) · Egyptian Saite / Persian / Greek mercenary / Ptolemaic
Saite 26th Dyn capital 664 BCE — Neith enclosure 700x600 m with walls 20 m thick and harbour 600x300 m now sebkha at +2 m under 8 m silt.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city
Karanis — Eastern Granary Harbour Pier at Kom Aushim East (Fayum North-East)
Ptolemaic to Byzantine (300 BCE – 500 CE) · Ptolemaic Greek / Roman Egyptian
Eastern lake harbour of Karanis at Kom Aushim — 55 m granary pier at –0.5 m on Moeris shore.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city
Soknopaiou Nesos — Eastern Submerged Harbour at Dime es-Sebua East (Lake Moeris)
Ptolemaic to Roman (300 BCE – 250 CE) · Ptolemaic Egyptian / Roman
Eastern isthmus harbour of Soknopaiou Nesos at Dime — 50 m causeway quay at –1 m and isthmus basin.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Ancient city
Abusir Bana
Abusir Bana (Egyptian Arabic: أبو صير بنا), known in ancient times as Busiris (Greek: Βούσιρις; Coptic: ⲡⲟⲩⲥⲓⲣⲓ, ⲃⲟⲩⲥⲓⲣⲓ, romanized: pusiri, busiri, lit.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city
Tebtunis — Canal Bridge Harbour at Kom Umm el-Brigat North (Fayum South)
Middle Kingdom to Byzantine (1991 BCE – 400 CE) · Egyptian / Ptolemaic / Roman
Northern canal harbour of Tebtunis at Umm el-Brigat — 12 m bridge pier at –1.5 m and 60 m quay.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city
Soknopaiou Nesos — Northern Lagoon Harbour at Dime (Lake Moeris North)
Ptolemaic to Roman (270 BCE – 230 CE) · Greco-Roman Fayum / Sobek cult
Northern lagoon harbour of Soknopaiou Nesos at Dime — 60 m quay at –3 m and 200 m crocodile causeway behind evaporite flats.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city
Marea — Eastern Pharos Harbour at Lake Mareotis East (Abu Mina South)
Hellenistic to Early Islamic (300 BCE – 800 CE) · Hellenistic / Byzantine Egyptian
Eastern Mareotis harbour of Marea behind Lake Mareotis — 90 m Pharos mole at –1.5 m and eastern quay with chirho dumps.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Submerged site
Rhinocolura (El-Arish) – Submerged Pelusian Harbour of the Sinai Gates
New Kingdom to Roman (c. 1500 BCE – 400 CE) · Egyptian New Kingdom / Philistine / Ptolemaic / Roman
Sinai gate lagoon harbour – Bardawil quay walls and fish-salting vats at –1 m guarding Via Maris.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Submerged site
Pelusium Eastern Sea Harbour (Sinus Pelusiacus Open Harbour)
Saite to Byzantine (664 BCE – 640 CE) · Saite / Persian / Ptolemaic / Roman / Byzantine
Open sea roadstead of Pelusium – rubble breakwater and anchor field 2–4 m off east beach.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Submerged site
Marea – Lake Mareotis Port of Alexandria
Classical to Byzantine (570 BCE – 785 CE) · Egyptian Greek / Roman / Byzantine
Ptolemaic wine port on Lake Mareotis feeding Alexandria — jetties now reed-submerged –1 to –2 m at Hawariya.