🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Göbekli Tepe Karahan Ridge Quarry
Bronze Age (3000–1200 BCE) · Bronze Age
Göbekli Tepe Karahan Ridge Quarry in Şanlıurfa, Karahan, Turkey is a Bronze Age (3000–1200 BCE) ancient city attributed to Bronze Age.
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CategoriesAncient cities
Capitals, ports and metropolises that rose, fell and were found again.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Submerged site
Archaic to Byzantine (800 BCE – 700 CE) · Argive Greek / Carian / Hellenistic / Roman
Carian fishopolis — 120 m agora stoa now −3 m under Güllük Gulf with red marble quarries and isthmus lagoon.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Bronze Age (3000–1200 BCE) · Bronze Age
Göbekli Tepe Karahan Ridge Quarry in Şanlıurfa, Karahan, Turkey is a Bronze Age (3000–1200 BCE) ancient city attributed to Bronze Age.
🇹🇳 Tunisia · Submerged site
Phoenician to Byzantine (11th c. BCE wording – 7th c. CE) · Phoenician / Punic / Roman African
Tyrian port older than Carthage — 320m Punic-Roman mole now reef off Sousse kasbah, overlaid by modern beach.
🇻🇳 Vietnam · Ancient city
Champa Simhapura 4–10 c. CE → Vietnamese 982 CE conquest · Cham (Austronesian Hindu-Buddhist, Shaiva)
Capital of Champa (Simhapura, Lion City, c.4–10 c. CE) at Trà Kiệu, Quảng Nam — massive 500×350 m (17.5 ha) brick-walled citadel (Chinese qiāng) with 5 gates, citadel-temple complex, and Vũ-điều…
🇨🇳 China · Ancient city
Shu Late Bronze 1200–500 BCE · Shu–Sichuan Basin (successor to Sanxingdui)
Late Bronze Age ritual centre (1200–500 BCE) on Modi River at Chengdu, successor to Sanxingdui after its abrupt collapse c.1200 BCE, preserving elite sacrificial pits, gold foil sun-bird foil (now…
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Bronze Age (3000–1200 BCE) · Bronze Age
Ephesus Terrace House 2 Hall of Muses in Izmir, Selçuk, Turkey is a Bronze Age (3000–1200 BCE) ancient city attributed to Bronze Age.
🇮🇶 Iraq · Ancient city
Bronze Age (3000–1200 BCE) · Bronze Age
Nimrud Fort Shalmaneser Magazine 45 in Nineveh, Nimrud, Iraq is a Bronze Age (3000–1200 BCE) ancient city attributed to Bronze Age.
🇸🇾 Syria · Tell
EB IV to Byzantine (c.2400 BCE–600 CE; peak Iron II) · Eblaite → Amorite → Hittite/Mitanni → Neo-Hittite/Aramaean
Aramaean Hatarikka with alphabetic stele and Iron Age gate sphinxes atop 28 ha tell near Idlib.
🇲🇦 Morocco · Ancient city
Early Islamic to Medieval (757–1393 CE; peak 10th–14th c CE) · Berber Miknasa / Islamic / Maliki
Gold-mint entrepôt Sijilmassa on Trans-Saharan Ghana road south of Rissani.
🇮🇹 Italy · Submerged site
Roman Imperial (42–64 Claudian, 103–113 Trajan) · Roman Claudian/Trajanic
Rome's 234-ha Claudian outer moles and 32-ha Trajan hexagonal inner basin — outer moles now lagoonal –1 to –2 m in Maccarese wetland.
🇦🇫 Afghanistan · Temple complex
Kushan 2nd c CE (Kanishka) · Kushan imperial dynastic — Bactrian fire cult with Hellenistic architecture
Surkh Kotal Fire Temple — Kushan dynastic sanctuary (2nd c CE Kanishka period) on Surkh Kotal hill 18 km NE Puli Khumri, excavated 1952–63 by D. Schlumberger (DAFA).
🇪🇬 Egypt · Submerged site
Late Period to Persian (664 – 525 BCE) · Saite Egyptian / East Greek mercenary Ionian–Carian
664 BCE Saite Greek mercenary fort at Pelusium gateway — casemate walls half in Pelusiac sebkha –1 to –3 m with Greek pottery.
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Mississippian Middle Cumberland (1100–1350 CE) · Mississippian (Castalian Springs phase)
Premier Middle Cumberland Mississippian town (1100–1350 CE) centered on mineral spring: two major platform mounds (Mound 1 6 m high 55×45 m, Mound 2 burial 3 m) plus smaller mound, large plaza and…
🇪🇬 Egypt · Ancient city
New Kingdom 19th–20th Dyn (1279–1070 BCE) · Egyptian New Kingdom imperial
Ramesses II's 10 km² vanished capital – 460 chariot stables and glass factories buried under Delta fields.
🇹🇳 Tunisia · Ancient city
Numidian to Late Antique (4th c BCE-7th c CE; peak 2nd c BCE-3rd c CE) · Numidian / Roman
Royal city Zama Regia.
🇸🇪 Sweden · Ancient city
Scandinavian Iron Age 100 BCE–1000 CE (Roman → Viking) · South Scandinavian Iron Age (Scania central place; proto-Danish)
Uppåkra — South Scandinavian Iron Age central place (c.100 BCE–1000 CE, 40 ha, 1,000-year continuity) 5 km south Lund, Scania's pre-urban precursor.
🇻🇳 Vietnam · Ancient city
Funan 2nd–6th c CE → Chenla 6th–9th c → Khmer 9th–12th c · Funan Óc Eo (Mekong Delta) → Chenla → Khmer
Gò Tháp — Funan (Óc Eo culture) port-city centre (2nd–12th c CE) 25 km north Cao Lanh, Thap Muoi Mekong floodplain, excavated 1998–2010s Le Xuan Diem and DAA.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city
Late Period to Ptolemaic–Roman (620 BCE – 4th c. CE) · Saqite Egyptian / Milesian-Samian-Aeginetan Greek
Panhellenic Delta emporion 620 BCE — Psamtik Greek colony whose 300 m Canopic harbour channel now 8 m under Nile silt with lagoon quay.
🇰🇬 Kyrgyzstan · Ancient city
Sogdian → Western Turkic → Karakhanid 6–12 c. CE · Sogdian–Turkic (Silk Road Sogdian colony, Nestorian–Buddhist)
Major Sogdian–Turkic Silk Road city (c.6–12 c. CE) at Krasnaya Rechka village in the Chu Valley — 45 ha shahristan (700×550 m, walls 10 m high), Buddhist monastery 30×25 m with 5 m Buddha,…
🇹🇷 Turkey · Temple complex
Classical to Roman · Carian, Hellenistic
850-m Kavaklıdere upland Zeus Hyllos 2nd BCE prostylos with agora odeion, Chrysaoric League pastoral city.
🇸🇾 Syria · Ancient city
Early Bronze to Old Babylonian (Ebla to Hammurabi) · Semitic Ebla-Mari–Akkadian world, Dagan cult
Holy city of god Dagan at Euphrates-Balikh mouth, tell Bi'a = Early Dynastic Tuttul (c.2600–1700 BCE) where Ebla tablets locate Dagan's oracle and Sargon of Akkad stopped for blessing.
🇰🇬 Kyrgyzstan · Ancient city
Sogdian 6th–12th c → Kara-Khanid 10th–12th · Sogdian oasis — Chuy Valley Silk Road Sogdian–Turk
Navekat Krasnaya Rechka City — Sogdian Silk Road city (6th–12th c CE) at Krasnaya Rechka on Chu Valley road west of Ak-Beshim, excavated 1980s by VE Nasyrov and Koen–Goryacheva.
🇬🇹 Guatemala · Pyramid
Late Preclassic (Mirador Basin Preclassic) · Maya (Preclassic Mirador)
Preclassic 400 BCE giant triadic pyramid Structure 1 at Nakbe — 45 m high Mirador Basin predecessor to El Mirador, earliest Maya monumental pyramid.
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Late Woodland to Mississippian (Coles Creek – Lake George phase 700–1500 CE) · Plaquemine / Mississippian (Lake George)
Yazoo Basin Mississippian–Plaquemine center (700–1500 CE, peak 1300–1500): 25 mounds over 40 ha including 8-m-high concial-temple Mound C (55×40 m), flat-top Mound A 12 m high (80×60 m) second…
