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CategoriesMounds
Platform and burial mounds of the Americas and beyond.
🇮🇶 Iraq · Tell
Ubaid through Early Dynastic I (c.4000–2800 BCE); Ubaid 4, Uruk, Jemdat Nasr, ED I · Ubaid → Uruk colonial (southern Mesopotamian) → Jemdet Nasr → ED I Diyala
Hamrin Uruk colonial tell with bevelled-rim and cylinder sealings (c.3800–3100 BCE) — Roaf’s Ubaid→ED sequence.
🇸🇾 Syria · Tell
Late Chalcolithic Late Uruk (3800–3100 BCE) · Late Uruk (South Mesopotamian colony)
Tell Habuba Kabira South Mound is the 10-ha southern colony mound of Habuba Kabira — the largest Late Uruk urban transplant outside Sumer (22 ha gridded walled city).
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
PPNA–PPNB through Halaf (c.9500–7500 BCE; Halaf 6000–5500 BCE) · Taş Tepeler PPN (PPNA–PPNB forager-cultivators) and Halaf village
PPN hillside tell (c.9500–7500 BCE) with round houses and failed-precursor T-pillar — Taş Tepeler domestic village.
🇮🇳 India · Pyramid
Early Harappan to Mature Harappan (3500–1750 BCE) · Harappan (Kalibangan I–II, Ghaggar-Hakra)
Kalibangan Mound — Ghaggar Thar in Rajasthan, Hanumangarh District, Ghaggar (ancient Saraswati) bank, India is a Early Harappan to Mature Harappan (3500–1750 BCE) pyramid/mound site attributed to…
🇦🇿 Azerbaijan · Tell
Neolithic (late 7th–6th millennium BCE); Shomu–Shulaveri–Aratashen horizon · Shomu–Aratashen (Caucasian Early Neolithic; Shulaveri parallel)
South Caucasian Neolithic type-site (c.6300–5000 BCE) — 7 horizons of round mudbrick houses founding Shomu–Aratashen.
🇸🇾 Syria · Tell
Chalcolithic to Middle Bronze (5000 BCE–1700 BCE) · Hassuna → Halaf → Ninevite V → Akkadian → Habur → Shubat-Enlil (Assyrian)
Tell Leilan (Shubat-Enlil) Satellite Mound is the 8.5-ha outer suburb 1.2 km southwest of Tell Leilan — capital of Shamshi-Adad I's Kingdom of Upper Mesopotamia (Shubat-Enlil, 1800 BCE).
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
PPNA through PPNB and early Pottery Neolithic · PPNA/PPNB Pre-Pottery Neolithic (Euphrates-Tigris transitional)
Ilısu north-bank mega hamlet (10300–7200 BCE) with 20 m pillared communal building — T-pillar stelae and largest PPNA stone assemblage in Upper Tigris, Mardin salvage.
🇮🇳 India · Pyramid
Early to Late Harappan (2800–1700 BCE, Ghaggar-Harappan) · Harappan (Banawali I–III, Sothi–Siswal)
Banawali Mound — Haryana in Haryana, Fatehabad District, Ghaggar bank (Banawali-Harappan), India is a Early to Late Harappan (2800–1700 BCE, Ghaggar-Harappan) pyramid/mound site attributed to…
🇱🇧 Lebanon · Tell
Neolithic through Iron Age and Byzantine (c.5000 BCE–600 CE); Chalcolithic, EBA–MB, LB II Amarna Kumidi, Iron–Persian · Chalcolithic → EBA–MBA Beqaa → LB Egyptian vassal (Kumidi) → Iron Phoenician–Persian → Hellenistic
Beqaa Kumidi — Amarna Egyptian vassal palace with cuneiform archive and fresco (26 m, 16 m stratigraphy, LB II).
🇺🇸 United States · Mound
Late Mississippian (Nodena phase) · Mississippian (Nodena phase, Oneota-related)
Type site of Nodena phase (1350–1650 CE) — palisaded Late Mississippian town on Mississippi River with 15 mounds.
🇺🇦 Ukraine · Tell
Late Chalcolithic–Early Bronze Tripolye C2 → Usatovo (c.3500–3200 BCE) → Early Yamnaya fringe · Late Trypillia C2 → Usatovo (Post-Trypillia) steppe–farming synthesis → Early Yamnaya infiltration
Usatovo village–kurgan cemetery (c.3500–3200 BCE) on liman — Trypillia→Yamnaya bridge with stelae and copper (Petrenko).
🇯🇴 Jordan · Tell
EB III through EB IV/Intermediate Bronze (c.2500–2000 BCE) with EBA predecessor and MB I squatter · EB III Canaanite → EB IV transitional (Intermediate Bronze) highland town
Fortified EB IV town (c.2500–2000 BCE) with double walls — only continuous EBA III→EB IV survival above 4.2kya collapse (Richard).
🇵🇪 Peru · Pyramid
Late Preceramic to Initial Period (Kotosh–Mito tradition) · Kotosh / highland Áncash (Mito tradition)
Kotosh-tradition dual pyramid at La Galgada — twin U-platform pyramids 30 m with niched temple 2200–1000 BCE and textile tombs, Tablachaca canyon.
🇵🇪 Peru · Pyramid
Late Preceramic (Cotton Preceramic / Norte Chico fringe) · Cotton Preceramic coastal fishers (Bandurria culture)
Late Preceramic beach pyramid Bandurria (3500–1800 BCE): circular Mound 4 30 m ashlar pyramid with shicra fill alongside fishing nets — coastal parallel to Caral.
🇺🇸 United States · Ancient village
Mesa Verde Late Pueblo III (1230–1280 CE) · Ancestral Pueblo (Mesa Verde northern San Juan)
Fortified Mesa Verde–era hilltown (c.1230–1280 CE, Late Pueblo III) in Sand Canyon alcove headwater — 400-room pueblo with enclosing wall, 22 kivas, great kiva D-shaped 12 m, and 100+ cliff dwellings…
🇸🇾 Syria · Tell
Pre-Pottery Neolithic B to Pottery Neolithic to Halaf (7100–5500 BCE, Burnt Village c.6000 BCE) · Neolithic Balikh (Pre-Halaf, early Ubaid influence)
Neolithic clustering Tell Sabi Abyad (Balikh) 4 mounds I–III covering 10 ha, 8 m high on Balikh spring line: Pre-Pottery Neolithic B to Halaf (7100–5500 BCE) with rectangular mudbrick houses,…
🇸🇾 Syria · Pyramid
Late Neolithic, Halaf–Ubaid transition (6200–5200 BCE) · Halaf culture (type-site region)
Tell Sabi Abyad Mound — Balikh in Raqqa Governorate, Balikh Valley (Tell Sabi Abyad), Syria is a Late Neolithic, Halaf–Ubaid transition (6200–5200 BCE) pyramid/mound site attributed to Halaf culture…
🇧🇬 Bulgaria · Tell
Early Neolithic to Chalcolithic (Karanovo → Gumelnița–Varna) · Boian → Gumelnița–Karanovo VI–Varna
Fortified Chalcolithic tell (c.4500–4000 BCE, Gumelnița-Karanovo VI–Varna complex, + Early Neolithic base c.6000 BCE) near Hotnitsa waterfall (Kaya Bunar cascade 30 m) on Yantra terrace.
🇺🇦 Ukraine · Tell
Middle Chalcolithic Trypillia B1 (c.4400–4200 BCE); Cucuteni–Trypillia B1 transition megacluster · Cucuteni–Trypillia B1 (Trypillia near Kyiv core) → B2 megasites
Middle Trypillia B1 (c.4400–4200 BCE) palisaded village with 40 burnt houses on Stugna — eponymous Trypillia cluster near Kyiv.
🇯🇴 Jordan · Tell
PPNA to Yarmoukian Pottery Neolithic · PPNA → MPPNB/LPPNB (Zarqa valley) → Yarmoukian
PPNB village (8800–6800 BCE) under Zarqa alluvium — two-storey houses, communal red building and early lentil cultivation, north Levant PPNB seal.
🇮🇳 India · Pyramid
Mature to Late Harappan (2300–1700 BCE, Sorath Harappan) · Harappan (Surkotada A–C)
Surkotada Mound — Kutch in Gujarat, Kutch District, Rann isthmus NE of Bhuj (Surkotada), India is a Mature to Late Harappan (2300–1700 BCE, Sorath Harappan) pyramid/mound site attributed to Harappan…
🇺🇸 United States · Tell
Classic Period Hohokam (1150–1450 CE) · Hohokam Classic Period (Marana community)
Marana Hohokam Mound Phoenix Basin is the Los Robles platform mound community on the Santa Cruz River north of Tucson — Fish's Marana community (1150–1450 CE) showing Classic Hohokam platform…
🇵🇰 Pakistan · Pyramid
Indus Valley Civilisation, Mature Harappan (2600–1900 BCE) · Indus Valley (Harappan)
Mohenjo-daro Citadel Mound — Larkana in Sindh, Larkana District, Indus west bank, Pakistan is a Indus Valley Civilisation, Mature Harappan (2600–1900 BCE) pyramid/mound site attributed to Indus…
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Bronze Age veneer → Neo-Assyrian provincial (Iron Age) · Mitanni → Middle/Neo-Assyrian (Ashurnasirpal II–Ashurbanipal)
Assyrian imperial capital Tušhan (883–611 BCE) — 32 ha citadel + lower town with palace, palace ware and Tigris quay, burned at Median fall, Upper Tigris frontier.
