Ancient cities

🇹🇷 Turkey · Temple complex

Myus Temple of Dionysus — Avşar Kalesi Peninsula

Archaic to Roman · Ionian, Hellenistic, Carian

Avşar Peninsula white marble Dionysus 2nd BCE (Hermogenes) with theatre above Maeander silt gulf, smallest Ionian League city.

🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city

Akoris — Northern Quarry Harbour at Tihna el-Gabal North (Nile Quarry Port)

New Kingdom to Coptic (1500 BCE – 650 CE) · Egyptian / Greco-Roman

Northern limestone quarry harbour of Akoris 1–2 m under Nile silt below 40 m cliffs — slipway 60 m with rope grooves and quarry chapel.

🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city

Akoris — Northern Quarry Harbour at Tihna el-Gabal North (Nile Quarry Port) — v2

New Kingdom to Coptic (1500 BCE – 650 CE) · Egyptian / Greco-Roman

Northern limestone quarry harbour of Akoris 1–2 m under Nile silt below 40 m cliffs — slipway 60 m with rope grooves and quarry chapel.

🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city

Soknopaiou Nesos — Northern Lagoon Harbour at Dime (Lake Moeris North) — v2

Ptolemaic to Roman (270 BCE – 230 CE) · Greco-Roman Fayum / Sobek cult

Northern lagoon harbour of Soknopaiou Nesos at Dime — 60 m quay at –3 m and 200 m crocodile causeway behind evaporite flats.

🇮🇳 India · Ancient city

Gilund

Ahar-Banas Chalcolithic 3000–1700 BCE (Early/Mature/Late) · Ahar-Banas (Mewar Chalcolithic) → contact Harappan

Largest Ahar-Banas Chalcolithic settlement (c.3000–1700 BCE) on the Banas River floodplain in Rajsamand, Mewar — twin mounds (Modiya Magari, 14 ha and western mound 4 ha) excavated 1999–2005 by V.S.

🇮🇹 Italy · Submerged site

Helorus – Submerged Quay of the Sicilian Greek Port

Archaic to Late Antique (700 BCE – 400 CE) · Greek Syracusan / Roman

Syracusan colony 700 BCE — 120 m submerged ashlar quay at −3 m on the Tellaro mouth where Athenians landed in 413 BCE.

🇪🇬 Egypt · Submerged site

Menouthis – Submerged Canopic City of Isis

Late Pharaonic to Late Byzantine (380 BCE – 8th c. CE) · Egyptian-Greek / Greco-Roman / Byzantine

Canopic Isis oracle town adjoining Heracleion — sanctuary and quays 5–8 m down in Abu Qir Bay.

🇪🇬 Egypt · Ancient city

Hemamieh

Hemamieh (El-Hammamiya) is a village located in the Sohag Governorate in Middle Egypt on the east bank of the Nile.

🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city

Bakchias — Kom el-Atl Eastern Buried Settlement (Fayum Central-East)

Ptolemaic to Roman (300 BCE – 400 CE) · Ptolemaic Greek / Roman Egyptian

Eastern vineyard sector of Bakchias at Kom el-Atl — 280 m estate wall and canal at –2.5 m.

🇺🇦 Ukraine · Submerged site

Kimmerikon — North Terrace Harbour Below Opuk Mountain North (Mount Opuk North)

Archaic to Late Antique (550 BCE – 400 CE) · Cimmerian / Bosporan / Scythian

Northern lagoon marina of hillfort Kimmerikon below Opuk North — 45 m quay at –1.2 m and fish-pond.

🇲🇽 Mexico · Ancient city

Muyil

Late Preclassic – Postclassic (c.300 BCE–1519 CE) continuous; Early Classic–Late Classic peak · Maya (East Coast / Southern Lowland)

Muyil (Chunyaxché, Chan Muuch) is the long-lived lowland Maya city on the karst ridge at the Muyil lagoon inside the Sian Ka'an Biosphere, Quintana Roo (10 m).

🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city

Dionysias — Qasr Qarun Western Canal Harbour (Fayum West Canal West)

Ptolemaic to Byzantine (300 BCE – 600 CE) · Ptolemaic / Roman (Diocletian)

Western feeder harbour of fort Dionysias at Qasr Qarun — 50 m quay at –2 m and 90 m canal.

🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city

Philadelphia — Kom el-Kharaba Western Buried City (Fayum East West)

Ptolemaic to Roman (256 BCE – 400 CE) · Ptolemaic Greek

Western estate of Philadelphia at Kom el-Kharaba — 85 m vineyard wall and 70 m granary quay.

🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city

Tebtunis — Southern Sobek Temple Quarter at Umm el-Baragat South (Fayum South)

Middle Kingdom to Late Roman (1800 BCE – 300 CE) · Egyptian / Greco-Roman Fayum

Southern temple harbour of Tebtunis 1–2 m buried south of Soknebtynis — 70 m canal quay and mammisi at –1 m.

🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city

Hermopolis Magna – Nile Harbour of Thoth at El-Ashmunein

Predynastic to Medieval (5000 BCE – 1000 CE) · Egyptian / Greek / Roman / Coptic

Thoth capital 2.5 km enclosure — Bahr Yussef-Nile confluence harbour 400x80 m for ibis mummies and Book of Dead papyri.

🇵🇪 Peru · Ancient city

Choqepukio

Early Intermediate – Late Horizon (c.200 BCE–1532 CE, Wari peak 600–1000 CE) · Wari – Qotakalli – Inca

Choqepukio occupies the flat valley floor at the Huacarpay lagunas gateway to the Cusco Basin, 21 km southeast of Cusco.

🇧🇴 Bolivia · Earthwork

Llanos de Mojos — Cotoca Northern Causeway (Beni Causeway North, Mojos)

Casarabe (500–1400 CE) · Casarabe

Northern causeway of Cotoca in Mojos — 1.4 km ×10 m causeway with canals to forest island.

🇷🇺 Russia · Submerged site

Phanagoria — Tuzla Spit Western Anchorage (Taman Peninsula)

Archaic to Late Antique (543 BCE – 600 CE) · Ionian Greek / Bosporan Kingdom

Western roadstead of Phanagoria 2–4 m under Taman Bay west of Tuzla Spit — timber jetties and salting quarter 220 m offshore.

🇬🇷 Greece · Submerged site

Abdera — Western Harbour at Bulustra West (Thrace West Harbour)

Archaic to Late Antique (654 BCE – 400 CE) · Teian / Klazomenian Ionian

Western lagoon harbour of Abdera at Bulustra West — 55 m mole at –2 m and bastion.

🇬🇷 Greece · Ancient city

Atlantis on Santorini Mega-Tsunami Claim – Second Santorini Pseudo

Pseudoarchaeology 1953–2010 (claimed 1600 BCE mega 100m) vs Bronze Thera 1600 moderate · Santorini–Minoan Atlantis pseudexcess

100-m mega-tsunami Atlantis claim on Santorini — cores prove 9 m at Crete versus 100 m.

🇬🇹 Guatemala · Ancient city

El Tintal

Middle to Late Preclassic 700 BCE–150 CE (Preclassic fluorescence, collapsed c.150 CE Mirador hiatus) · Maya (Preclassic Mirador Basin state, Late Preclassic centralized polity)

Second-largest Preclassic Maya city after El Mirador (700 BCE–400 CE, 30 km southeast of Mirador): 250 m-high-adjacent Henequén pyramid (60 m high ×190×165 m, seventh-tallest Maya pyramid), Mano de…