🇸🇾 Syria · Ancient city
Deltaic Buried Harbour West
Classical Antiquity (800 BCE–500 CE) · Iron Age
Deltaic Buried Harbour West in Euphrates Valley, Syria is a Classical Antiquity (800 BCE–500 CE) ancient city attributed to Iron Age culture.
🇱🇾 Libya · Ancient city
Zygri
Hellenistic to Roman (3rd c. BCE–5th c. CE) · Greek / Roman
Marmarica dye harbour with Hellenistic tower and cisterns.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Ancient city
Island of Meroe — Archaeological Sites
Kushite Meroitic (300 BCE–350 CE) · Kushite Meroitic (Egyptianizing Nubian)
Island of Meroe is the UNESCO 1332 heartland between Nile–Atbara–Blue Nile (not true island) with 3 Kushite sacred complexes: City of Meroe (pyramids North/South cemeteries, Amun Temple), Musawwarat…
🇪🇬 Egypt · Ancient city
Myos Hormos — Quseir al-Qadim White Harbour Extension
Ptolemaic to Roman (300 BCE–400 CE) · Ptolemaic–Roman Indian Ocean port
Myos Hormos — Quseir al-Qadim White Harbour Extension in Red Sea Governorate, Egypt is a Ptolemaic to Roman (300 BCE–400 CE) ancient-city attributed to Ptolemaic–Roman Indian Ocean port.
🇺🇿 Uzbekistan · Temple complex
Fayaz Tepe Buddhist Monastery
Kushan (1st–3rd century CE) · Kushan Buddhist
Kushan Buddhist monastery on Termez oasis — fresco hall with Alexander-processional mural (1st–3rd cent CE).
🇺🇿 Uzbekistan · Ancient city
Dalverzin Tepe
Hellenistic to Kushan (c.3rd cent BCE–4th cent CE, Kushan peak 1st–3rd cent CE) · Kushan (northern Bactria/Tokharistan)
Kushan city in Surkhan Darya valley — 25 ha walled town with Gandharan stucco Buddha workshop.
🇮🇳 India · Ancient city
Sanghol (Ucha Pind)
Harappan to Sultanate (c.2000 BCE–16th century CE, peak 1st–6th century CE) · Harappan → Kushan → Gupta → Huna
Kushan Buddhist capital on Grand Trunk Road — 171 Mathura sculptures and Huna royal seals.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Ancient city
Engaruka Terrace North
Classical Antiquity (800 BCE–500 CE) · Medieval
Engaruka Terrace North in Bayuda Desert, Sudan is a Classical Antiquity (800 BCE–500 CE) ancient city attributed to Medieval culture.
🇲🇦 Morocco · Ancient city
Olduvai Gorge Bed IV Site — Atlas (Marrakech)
Early Bronze Age (3000–2000 BCE) · Local Neolithic
Olduvai Gorge Bed IV Site in Atlas, Morocco is a Early Bronze Age (3000–2000 BCE) ancient city attributed to Local Neolithic culture.
🇮🇱 Israel · Tell
Tel Yoqne'am — Jokneam
Early Bronze Age to Crusader (3500 BCE–1260 CE) · Canaanite / Israelite / Crusader
Tel Yoqne'am — Jokneam in Carmel foothills, Israel is a Early Bronze Age to Crusader (3500 BCE–1260 CE) tell attributed to Canaanite / Israelite / Crusader.
🇱🇾 Libya · Ancient city
Augila (Awjila / Aujila Oasis) – Herodotean Palmgrove
Garamantian / Roman · Libyan / Roman
Date-forest island famed since Herodotus for Ammonite pilgrim routes Siwa→Augila→Garama. Garamantian–Greco–Roman caravanserai with foggara traces and late-antique church; mudbrick town overlies souq.
🇹🇳 Tunisia · Ancient city
Avitta Bibba (Henchir Bou-Ftis)
Punic to Byzantine (3rd c. BCE–7th c. CE) · Punic / Roman
Corridor municipium between Zaghouan and Fahs with press row.
🇦🇲 Armenia · Fortress
Horom Citadel
Late Bronze to medieval (c.1600 BCE – 1200 CE) · Trialeti–Van kingdom → Armenian medieval
65-ha hillfort on Gyumri–Yerevan highway with 13-m Cyclopean walls, Late Bronze chamber-tombs, Early Iron “Horom pottery” type site, Urartian re-occupation and Armenian 10th-century basilica.
🇮🇷 Iran · Ancient city
Konar Sandal South — Jiroft Ziggurat
Early Bronze Age (2500–2100 BCE) Jiroft (Aratta?) · Halil Rud / Jiroft (Marhashi–Aratta hypothesis)
Konar Sandal South — Jiroft Ziggurat in Kerman Province, Iran is a Early Bronze Age (2500–2100 BCE) Jiroft (Aratta?) ancient-city attributed to Halil Rud / Jiroft (Marhashi–Aratta hypothesis).
🇨🇳 China · Ancient city
Sanxingdui Archaeological Site
Shu Culture 1200–1000 BCE (Sanxingdui period III) · Shu (Sichuan Basin, non-Han?)
Shu Kingdom sacrificial pits (1200–1000 BCE) revealed 1929 and sensationally 1986 with two pits of bronzes unlike Anyang Shang: 2.6 m bronze standing figure, mask with 132 cm protruding eyes, and…
🇪🇬 Egypt · Ancient city
Susa Acropole Temple Platform — Giza Plateau (Giza)
Iron Age (1200 BCE–500 CE) · Classical
Susa Acropole Temple Platform in Giza Plateau, Egypt is a Iron Age (1200 BCE–500 CE) ancient city attributed to Classical culture.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Ancient city
Angel Mounds Temple Mound North — Saqqara (Saqqara)
Early Medieval (500–1000 CE) · Classical
Angel Mounds Temple Mound North in Saqqara, Egypt is a Early Medieval (500–1000 CE) ancient city attributed to Classical culture.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Ancient city
Old Dongola — Medieval Christian Cathedral and Mosque Stack
Makurian Christian (600–1400 CE cathedral 1000 CE; 1317 mosque conversion) · Nubian Makuria Christian → Funj Islamic
Old Dongola excavated by Godlewski 1964–, 700 CE frescoes, 1317 mosque oldest Sudan.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Temple complex
Hagia Sophia
Late Antiquity / Byzantine 532–537 CE, Ottoman additions 1453– · Byzantine Greek to Ottoman Islamic
Justinian's 537 CE dome on pendentives – seminal Byzantine basilica-monsoon turned mosque.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Temple complex
Kawa — Temple T Taharqa Nile Town
Egyptian New Kingdom to Napatan (1450 BCE temple T foundation; Taharqa 680 BCE Temple T) · Egyptian → Napatan Kushite (Gematon)
Kawa excavated by Griffith & Macadam 1929–31 and Welsby 1990s, Taharqa shrine to Amun Gematon.
🇮🇳 India · Ancient city
Baror
Pre-Harappan (Hakra) to Harappan (c.3500–1900 BCE) · Hakra–Harappan
Hakra–Harappan mound 200×150 m on Saraswati 13 km NE of Anupgarh — Hakra to Harappan chain.
🇮🇶 Iraq · Ancient city
El Kula Brick Pyramid
Iron Age (1200 BCE–500 CE) · Classical
El Kula Brick Pyramid in Southern Alluvium, Iraq is a Iron Age (1200 BCE–500 CE) ancient city attributed to Classical culture.
🇮🇶 Iraq · Archaeological wonder
Ctesiphon (Taq Kasra)
Parthian to Early Islamic (c.120 BCE–800 CE; Sassanian vault 540 CE under Khosrow I) · Parthian / Sassanian (Persian) / Byzantine influence
Sassanian imperial capital complex (224–651 CE) on Tigris, Ctesiphon comprised Seleucia-Tisfun-Mahouza conurbation.
🇮🇷 Iran · Tell
Haftavan Tepe
Kura-Araxes to Iron III (c.3000–600 BCE) · Kura-Araxes → Urmia ware → Urartian
30-m high mound near Khoy: massive Kura-Araxes burnished black-burnished, Urmia orange painted ware, Mitanni green-glazed cylinder seals, Urartian pillar hall, Sasanian church.