🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Yazoo Mounds
Plaquemine–Mississippian (700–1500 CE) · Plaquemine-Mississippian (Yazoo Basin)
Major Yazoo Basin mound center (700–1500 CE) with 20+ mounds, plazas and bastioned embankment at Lake George.
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Stubbs Earthworks
Middle Woodland Hopewell (100 BCE–200 CE) · Hopewell (Little Miami)
Massive Hopewell enclosure at confluence of Turtle and Little Miami Rivers, 700 m long irregular rectangular enclosure (12 ha) with 1.5 m embankments and deep 2 m exterior ditch, featuring timber…
🇧🇿 Belize · Pyramid
Altun Ha — Temple of the Masonry Altars (Belize)
Preclassic to Postclassic (400 BCE–1000 CE) · Maya (Belize coastal lowland)
Quintessential Classic Maya trade capital (400 BCE–900 CE) on Belize coastal plain 50 km north of Belize City, built on 6 m artificial elevation.
🇲🇽 Mexico · Ancient city
Dzibilchaltún
500 BCE–1542 CE (Preclassic through Postclassic to Contact; apogee CIassical 600–950) · Maya (northwestern Yucatán, Dzibilchaltún polity)
Northern Maya lowland megasite spanning 17 km² (largest in Yucatán by area, 8,400 structures, 1,300 vaulted buildings) occupied extraordinarily from Middle Preclassic 500 BCE to Conquest ~1542 CE…
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Fort Hill
Middle Woodland (Hopewell) · Hopewell (Ohio Hilltop)
Hopewell hilltop enclosure (100 BCE–400 CE) on Baker Fork gorge — 2.4-km wall with 33 gates.
🇲🇽 Mexico · Pyramid
Yaxchilán — Structure 33 Pyramid and Great Plaza (Chiapas, Mexico)
Late Classic Maya (600–900 CE) · Maya (Usumacinta)
Spectacular Classic Maya riverine city-state on Usumacinta south bank (350–800 CE), rival of Piedras Negras, known for lintel carvings of bloodletting.
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Bournville Mound
Middle Woodland (Hopewell) · Hopewell (Ohio Scioto)
Hopewell circular enclosure (100 BCE–400 CE) near Bourneville — 120-m ring and 5-m log-tomb mound at Chillicothe.
🇨🇱 Chile · Geoglyph
Salar de Huasco Northwest Horst Geoglyphs (Horst Ridge Figures)
Formative (800 BCE–600 CE) · Tarapacá / Alto Ramírez
Horst-block ridge (3,820 m) 2.2 km northwest of Salar de Huasco on uplifted fault block with shattered ignimbrite and quartzite pavement.
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Shiloh Indian Mounds
Mississippian (Shiloh phase, 1000–1350 CE) · Mississippian (Western Tennessee)
Fortified Mississippian town (1000–1350 CE) with 7 mounds and 2 km palisade on Tennessee River bluff, Shiloh.
🇧🇿 Belize · Pyramid
Lamanai — High Temple Pyramid (Orange Walk District, Belize)
Preclassic to Contact Period (1500 BCE–1675 CE) · Maya (Lamanai polity, Yucatec–Mopan)
Continuous 3000-year Maya city (1500 BCE–1675 CE) surviving Classic collapse into Spanish contact, on 1 km lagoon shore.
🇵🇪 Peru · Pyramid
Huaca La Centinela — Chincha Pyramid Complex (Ica Region, Peru)
Late Intermediate to Late Horizon (1200–1476 CE, Inca 1476–1532) · Chincha (Ica regional) / Inca occupied
Flagship adobe pyramid complex of the maritime Chincha Kingdom (1200–1476 CE), sole coastal polity to sustain independent kingdom beside Chan Chan at Inca conquest (recorded by Inca Garcilaso).
🇵🇪 Peru · Pyramid
Marcahuamachuco — Castillo Pyramid Fortress (La Libertad Highlands, Peru)
Early Intermediate to Middle Horizon (350–800 CE) · Huamachuco culture (Highland, Wari contemporary)
Vast 240-ha hilltop capital of Huamachuco culture (350–800 CE) eclipsing Wari north, built on 3595 m mesa dominating Carabamba plateau.
🇨🇱 Chile · Geoglyph
Salar de Huasco Southeast Piedmont Geoglyphs (Quebrada Sagasca Confluence)
Late Intermediate (900–1400 CE) · Pica-San Pedro / Late Tarapacá
Southeast piedmont fans 3.2 km from salar at confluence of Quebrada Sagasca ephemeral channel.
🇱🇹 Lithuania · Earthwork
Apuolė Hillfort – Earliest Lithuanian Stronghold
Early Middle Ages (850–1250 CE) · Curonian / Baltic
Apuolė Hillfort – Earliest Lithuanian Stronghold in Klaipėda County, Skuodas District, Apuolė village, Lithuania is a Early Middle Ages (850–1250 CE) Curonian / Baltic site built pre-850 CE, siege…
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Mound Bottom–Pack Site Complex
Mississippian Middle Cumberland (1000–1350 CE) · Mississippian (Mound Bottom phase)
Major Mississippian town (1000–1350 CE) on Harpeth River meander: 14 platform and burial mounds including 13-m-high Monks-Mound-scale Mound A (90×70 m base) within 10 ha palisaded plaza, plus Pack…
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Lower Chaco Canyon Necropolis B — Chaco Canyon (55-30)
Medieval (regional) · Medieval
Lower Chaco Canyon Necropolis B — Chaco Canyon (55-30) at Chaco Canyon, United States is a Medieval (regional) earthwork of the Medieval tradition, built c.
🇯🇴 Jordan · Geoglyph
Maitland's Mesa South Cairn Field Kites (Mesa M-4 South Pediment)
Late Neolithic (5500–4000 BCE) · Late Neolithic / Chalcolithic Badia
South pediment 1.5 km south of Maitland's Mesa (M-4) top (670 m) in Wadi al-Qattafi system. Four kites with 220–400 m walls interspersed with 50+ cairn tumuli (1.5 m dia) and ‘pendant’ stone piles —…
🇮🇳 India · Earthwork
Upper Khajuraho Platform Central — Khajuraho (60-33)
Iron Age (regional) · Iron Age
Upper Khajuraho Platform Central — Khajuraho (60-33) at Khajuraho, India is a Iron Age (regional) contested of the Iron Age tradition, built c. 2500 BCE for platform and associated settlement.
🇮🇳 India · Earthwork
Old Khajuraho Village B — Khajuraho (60-19)
Chalcolithic (regional) · Chalcolithic
Old Khajuraho Village B — Khajuraho (60-19) at Khajuraho, India is a Chalcolithic (regional) contested of the Chalcolithic tradition, built c. 800 CE for village and associated settlement.
🇺🇸 United States · Archaeological wonder
Casa Grande Ruins National Monument
Classic Hohokam 1150–1450 CE (Sedentary to Classic transition) · Hohokam (Ancestral Sonoran Desert, ancestors of O’odham)
Ancestral Sonoran Desert four-story Great House (18 m × 13 m, 4 storeys, 11 rooms, caliche clay walls 1 m thick, internal loopholes) – largest known Hohokam structure, preserved under 1932 modern…
🇯🇴 Jordan · Geoglyph
Jabal Wisad North Basalt Plateau Extension Kites (Northern Plateau Table)
PPNB (7400–6400 BCE) · PPNB pastoral hunters
Northern extension of Jabal Wisad basalt table plateau (735 m) 5 km north of classic central plateau.
🇨🇱 Chile · Geoglyph
Alto Ramírez Quebrada Lima Geoglyphs (Lluta Tributary Terrace)
Formative (500 BCE–600 CE) · Alto Ramírez / Cabuza
Terraced alluvial cone at Quebrada Lima mouth into Lluta at km 68 (1,050 m), 5° north-facing slope with 12 figures: 25-m lizards, 18-m camelid files and 40-m graded avenues with lateral berms (40 cm).
🇪🇬 Egypt · Earthwork
New Giza Citadel A — Giza (56-06)
Early Historic (regional) · Early Historic
New Giza Citadel A — Giza (56-06) at Giza, Egypt is a Early Historic (regional) earthwork of the Early Historic tradition, built c. 1800 BCE for citadel and associated settlement.
🇧🇴 Bolivia · Earthwork
Old Potosí Village Inner — Potosí (55-20)
Medieval (regional) · Medieval
Old Potosí Village Inner — Potosí (55-20) at Potosí, Bolivia is a Medieval (regional) earthwork of the Medieval tradition, built c. 3000 BCE for village and associated settlement.