🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
Sedeinga Pyramid ST1 (Napatan Queen)
Napatan to Early Meroitic, c.700–300 BCE · Kushite
Napatan queen's pyramid ST1 in Sector II at Sedeinga (c.700–600 BCE), 13 m base, part of 200+ pyramid cemetery stretching 4 km.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
Nuri Pyramid Nu.1 (King Taharqa)
Napatan, 25th Dynasty, c.690–664 BCE · Kushite (Egyptianized Napatan)
Largest pyramid at Nuri (Nu.1) for Taharqa (c.664 BCE, 25th Dynasty), 52 m base, 40–50 m original height.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
Jebel Barkal Pyramid Bar.2 (King Amaninatakilebte)
Napatan, c.538–519 BCE · Kushite Napatan
Pyramid Bar.2 at Jebel Barkal north cemetery for King Amaninatakilebte (c.538–519 BCE, Napatan 27th Dynasty contemporaneous with Persian Egypt).
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
Hillat el-Arab — Tomb 4 (Early Kushite Tumulus)
Kerma Classic to Early Napatan, c.1700–600 BCE (reused) · Kushite (Kerma → Napatan)
Kerma-classic tumulus Tomb 4 at Hillat el-Arab (c.1700–1500 BCE, early Kushite Kerma horizon) — 20 m diameter tumulus with mudbrick vaulted chamber and subsidiary burials, horse and cattle bucrania…
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
El-Kurru Pyramid Ku.1 (King Piye / Piankhy)
Napatan founding, c.750 BCE · Kushite Napatan
Founder's pyramid Ku.1 at El-Kurru for King Piye/Piankhy (c.747–716 BCE, founder of 25th Dynasty who conquered Egypt).
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
Eastern Deffufa at Kerma
Classic Kerma (c.1750–1500 BCE) · Kerma culture (Classic Kerma, Nubian)
Funerary chapel massif contemporary with Western Deffufa (Classic Kerma c.1750–1500 BCE) but funerary: 40×33 m base, 18 m high mudbrick with niche façade, central hall with wooden columns, side…
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
Western Deffufa at Kerma
Classic Kerma (c.1750–1500 BCE, Kerma Moyen to Classique) · Kerma culture (Nubian, Classic Kerma)
Massive Classic Kerma mudbrick sacred mountain (c.1750–1500 BCE) in Kerma capital: 52×52 m base, 19 m high preserved with three-stage stairway on east, internal rooms with timber roofs, and ritual…
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
Sesebi Fortress and Temple Town
New Kingdom (Akhenaten, c.1353–1336 BCE) with Ramesside reuse · Egyptian Amarna Period (Akhenaten) colonial
Akhenaten (Amenhotep IV) colonial temple-town (c.1350 BCE) with fortified enclosure 270×190 m, triple temple (Amun, Aten, western), columned hall, palace, and pyramidal elite tombs east.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
Faras Mound — Cathedral and Town
Meroitic to Christian Nubian, Ottoman · Meroitic, Nobadian, Makurian Christian
Mound of Faras (Pachoras), twin to Qasr Ibrim as source of largest Christian Nubian frescoes corpus — 169 frescoes cut from cathedral walls by Polish mission of Kazimierz Michałowski (1961–64) before…
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
Kawa Temple T (Taharqo Sanctuary)
New Kingdom founder (Amenhotep III c.1380 BCE) revived 25th Dynasty Taharqo 690 BCE to Meroitic · Kushite (Napatan 25th Dynasty, Taharqo) Egyptianised
Large Kushite temple complex on east bank north of Dongola plain, with Temple T (Taharqo, 690 BCE, 40×30 m sandstone pylon), Temple A (Amenhotep III) and extensive town with pyramidal tombs south.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
Dokki Gel Sacred City at Kerma South
Early Kerma to Classic Kerma (Ancient Kerma 2500 BCE to Classic 1700 BCE, peak 2000–1500 BCE) · Kerma culture (Nubian, pre-Kushite)
Completely buried sacred city 1.5 km south of Kerma Western Deffufa, discovered by Bonnet-Honegger Swiss mission 2003 with magnetometry: 250×200 m oval enclosure with palisade, ditch, and 13…
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
Dokki Gel
Kerma (1800–1500 BCE) to Napatan–Meroitic (1500 BCE–400 CE) · Sub-Saharan African coalition (southern) and Kerma/Egyptian
Sub-Saharan sacred city 400×200 m north of Kerma (1800 BCE–400 CE), African temple platforms 6–8 m high.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
Amara West Temple Town
New Kingdom Ramesside (Seti I–Ramesses II, c.1306–1070 BCE) · Egyptian Ramesside colonial with Nubian population
Ramesside Egyptian colonial walled town (Seti I–Ramesses II c.1300 BCE) 130×90 m on west bank at Third Cataract, with viceroy's residence, sandstone temple of Ramesses II, granaries, and cemeteries with pyramidal tombs.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
Tabo (Argo) Temple-Mound & Pyramids
Kerma reuse to Kushite (25th Dynasty–Meroitic) · Kerma / Kushite (Napatan)
Argo Island pyramidal mound-temple at Tabo — 14 m mudbrick platform with Taharqa Amun temple c.690 BCE and 8 Napatan pyramids 5–8 m.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
Tabo Temple Mound at Argo Island
Meroitic to Christian, c.300 BCE–500 CE · Kushite / Meroitic
Tabo mound at southern tip of Argo Island (40 km north of Dongola) between 3rd-4th Cataracts: massive artificial temple mound (10 m high) supporting Meroitic Amun temple (50×70 m) with late Kushite…
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
Tabo Temple Mound on Argo Island
New Kingdom antecedent to Napatan (Taharqo 690 BCE) to Meroitic 350 CE · Kushite (Napatan-Meroitic, Taharqo)
Kushite temple (Argo Island, largest Nile island c.30 km long) founded Taharqo 25th Dynasty (688 BCE) over New Kingdom levels, 35×25 m sandstone temple with pylon, pronaos and sanctuary on granite…
🇺🇸 United States · Tell
Grewe Site Casa Grande North Ballcourt
Pre-Classic Hohokam (500–1100 CE) · Hohokam Pre-Classic (Pioneer–Colonial–Sedentary)
Grewe Site Casa Grande North Ballcourt is the northern ballcourt village of the Grewe Site — the 18-ha Pre-Classic twin settlement north of Casa Grande Great House on the middle Gila north terrace.
🇺🇸 United States · Tell
Aztec West Ruin (Aztec Ruins National Monument — West House)
Pueblo II–III (Chacoan outlier 1110–1125, Mesa Verde 1150–1275) · Ancestral Puebloan (Chacoan outlier → Mesa Verde)
Aztec West Ruin (Aztec Ruins National Monument — West House) is a multi-period tell/ancient village in New Mexico, San Juan County, Animas River, Aztec town, North San Juan basin, United States —…
🇸🇾 Syria · Ancient city
Tell Brak (Nagar) (Al-Hasakah Governorate, Khabur Triangle)
Chalcolithic to Mitanni-Akkadian to Late Bronze · North Mesopotamian (Uruk → Akkadian → Hurrian)
Huge early city ('city without a state' per Oates) occupied 6000 BCE–1300 CE, peaking as Nagar kingdom (2600–2200 BCE) with Mitanni palace (1500 BCE) and Akkadian Naram-Sin palace.
🇺🇸 United States · Ancient village
Sand Canyon Pueblo
Mesa Verde Late Pueblo III (1230–1280 CE) · Ancestral Pueblo (Mesa Verde northern San Juan)
Fortified Mesa Verde–era hilltown (c.1230–1280 CE, Late Pueblo III) in Sand Canyon alcove headwater — 400-room pueblo with enclosing wall, 22 kivas, great kiva D-shaped 12 m, and 100+ cliff dwellings…
🇺🇸 United States · Ancient village
Salmon Ruins (Salmon Pueblo)
Chacoan to Post-Chaco (Late Pueblo II to III) · Chaco Culture → Mesa Verde–San Juan (ancestral Pueblo)
Northern Chaco great-house outlier (c.1090–1280 CE) — 300-room 2-storey sandstone Chacoan great house built 1090 CE by Chaco Canyon elite as toll/ grain colony on San Juan, then reoccupied 1125–1280…
🇲🇽 Mexico · Tell
El Cóporo (Ocampo)
Epiclassic (c.500–900 CE); Classic 500–650 CE, Epiclassic fortified 700–900 CE · Northern frontier Chalchihuites–Tunal–Bajío (Mesoamerican northern periphery; Chichimec interaction)
Bajío frontier mesa pyramid (c.500–900 CE) with ballcourt-terrace and copper bells — INAH Cóporo Tunal outpost.
🇲🇽 Mexico · Tell
Paquimé (Casas Grandes) — Medio Period Great House and Mound
Medio Period (Casas Grandes, 1205–1340 CE) with Viejo substrate · Casas Grandes (Chihuahua Culture / Mogollon–Paquimé)
Paquimé (Casas Grandes) — Medio Period Great House and Mound is a multi-period tell/ancient village in Chihuahua State, Casas Grandes Municipality, Rio Casas Grandes valley, Mexico — Largest northern…