🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Barcın Höyük
Late Neolithic–Early Chalcolithic (Fikirtepe) · Marmara Neolithic (Fikirtepe)
Marmara type-site (c.6600–6000 BCE, Fikirtepe) bridging Anatolia and Balkan Neolithisation south of Lake İznik.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Başur Höyük
Late Chalcolithic (LC4-5) pre-Uruk to Jemdet Nasr · Upper Tigris LC culture (Uruk-extended / local transcaucasian)
Siirt ‘royal’ chalcolithic cemetery (3500–3000 BCE) with retainer burials — copper, lapis and earliest gaming set at Uruk fringe, Upper Tigris inequality origin.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Beycesultan Höyük
Late Chalcolithic to Middle Bronze to Byzantine · Western Anatolian (Troy I prelude → Hittite Luwian)
Multi-period mega-tell (c.4000 BCE Late Chalcolithic to 1200 BCE Byzantine, peak EBA–MBA) dominating Çivril Plain on Meander headwaters, excavated 1954–59 by Seton Lloyd & James Mellaart then 2007–…
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Beşik-Sivritepe
Prehistoric · Regional Chalcolithic-EBA
Beşik-Sivritepe — buried prehistoric tell/village at Çanakkale Province.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Archaeological wonder
Black Sea Deluge Atlantis – Ryan–Pitman Noah–Atlantis Flood Hypothesis
Claimed 5600 BCE flood (gradual 9000–7000) · Neolithic / Oceanography
Ryan–Pitman 5600 BCE catastrophic Black Sea flood claimed Atlantis — cores show gradual 9000–7000 Recorded context — Period: Claimed 5600 BCE flood (gradual 9000–7000); Culture: Neolithic /…
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Blaundos — Canyonside Acropolis Phrygia
Hellenistic to Byzantine (300 BCE–600 CE) · Hellenistic Macedonian foundation → Roman
Ulubey canyon city excavated by Turkish 2018–, Seleucid north gate intact, Demeter temple and canyon tombs.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient village
Boncuklu Höyük
Early Central Anatolian Aceramic/Early Ceramic Neolithic · Central Anatolian Neolithic (Konya Plain local)
PPN ancestor of Çatalhöyük — oval wattle-and-daub houses with bead-rich burials marking early sedentary foragers.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Fortified city
Büyükkaya
Chalcolithic to Iron Age (c.5500 BCE–600 CE; Hittite capital eastern quarters) · Chalcolithic → Hittite Empire → Phrygian → Iron Age polity → Byzantine
Eastern citadel of Hittite Hattusa on Budaközü gorge — silos and Iron Age polity above Boğazköy.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Can Hasan I
Chalcolithic (c.5500–4800 BCE) · Ubaid-related Central Anatolian Chalcolithic
Middle Chalcolithic tell (200 m diameter, 8 m high) on the Konya Plain’s southern apron, excavated by David French. Sequ...
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Can Hasan III
Pottery Neolithic–Early Chalcolithic (c.6300–5500 BCE) · Central Anatolian Pottery Neolithic
Small Neolithic mound (80 m diameter, 4 m high) on the Konya Plain, excavated by David French 1960s as the earliest of t...
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Canhasan
Pottery Neolithic to Early Bronze · Central Anatolian Chalcolithic
Three mounds (Canhasan I, II, III) spanning Pottery Neolithic to Chalcolithic-Early Bronze (c.6000–3000 BCE) on the south Konya Plain, bridging Çatalhöyük to Mersin-Yumuktepe.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Submerged site
Cape Gelidonya Shipwreck
Late Bronze Age (c. 1200 BCE) · Cypriot / Levantine itinerant tinker-trader
1200 BCE tin-trader that pioneered underwater archaeology – first scientific wreck excavation 1960.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Submerged site
Cape Gelidonya — Early Iron Shipwreck Bronze Ingots Reef
Late Bronze Age (c.1200 BCE) earliest excavated wreck 1960 Bass (world's first underwater excavation) and 1500 BCE earlier layer · Late Bronze ?? Canaanite ? early Phoenician 1200 BCE scrap bronze wreck
Gelidonya Bass 1960 world's first underwater excavation.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Hydraulic works
Ceyhan Karadağ Roman Dam (Karadağ–Ceyhan Saddle Dam, Cilician Plain)
Roman Severan 198 CE (Septimius Severus) Cilicia · Roman Cilician plain estate economy
Roman Severan 198 CE saddle dam 280 m × 8.8 m basalt riprap 65,000 m³ with 42 m spillway and 2.2 km arch aqueduct 2.8 m.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Chatal Höyük (Çatal Höyük Amuq)
Neolithic through Iron; Amuq A-J typology · Amuq Neolithic → Halaf → Ubaid → EBA → Syro-Hittite
Amuq type-site mound defining Amuq A–J phases (Neolithic–Iron) — 22 m deposit with Neolithic painted ware, Ninevite V and Iron Syro-Hittite ceramics.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Temple complex
Claros Oracle East Stoa
Archaic to Roman Imperial · Ionian Greek, Hellenistic (Alexander to Attalid), Roman
72-m east stoa and Doric temple adyton of Apollo Clarios oracle between Ephesus and Smyrna.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Temple complex
Claros South Sanctuary — Ahmetbeyli Oracle Annex
Archaic to Roman (oracle peak 100–200 CE) · Ionian Greek, Colophon's oracle
Claros secondary Doric prophecy hall with adyton crevice and 1.2-km sacred road to Notion, 1st CE domitianic.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Coba Hoyuk
Neolithic–Early Bronze Age (c.6000–2200 BCE) · Amuq → Syro-Cilician
North Amik tell 11 m high (Amuq A–G, Halaf–EB continuity) between Alalakh and Zincirli.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Coba Höyük (Sakçagözü)
EBA-Iron Age (c.3000-700 BCE) · Amuq/Syro-Hittite (Amuq A-J to Iron Age Patina)
Coba Höyük (Sakçagözü) — buried eba-iron tell/village at Gaziantep Province.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Fortified city
Dara (Anastasiopolis)
Late Roman–Byzantine (505 CE–1071 CE) · Eastern Roman (Byzantine) vs Sasanian Persian
Justinian border megafort with 3.5 km walls, earliest arch dam and 18 m deep rock-cut Great Cistern.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Hydraulic works
Dara Anastasiopolis — Eastern Roman Cistern Complex
Anastasian Roman (505–530 CE) · Eastern Roman (Anastasius Justinian)
Tur-Abdin Roman city built to block Persian Nisibis, excavated by Keser 1986–, Procopius De Aedificiis description intact.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Demircihöyük
Early Bronze Age (c.3000–2300 BCE) with Phrygian/Classical caps · Northwestern Anatolian EBA → Phrygian
Stratified Early Bronze Age mound (300 × 200 m, 12 m high) on the Porsuk upper Sakarya, excavated by Manfred Korfmann 19...
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Demircihöyük East Citadel
Chalcolithic – Early Bronze Age (4000–2300 BCE) · Northwest Anatolian Chalcolithic → EBA Troy I contemporary
Demircihöyük East Citadel is the fortified nucleus of the type-site for Northwest Anatolian EBA (Troy I contemporary).
🇹🇷 Turkey · Underground city
Derinkuyu Underground City
Byzantine (with Hittite/Phrygian antecedents debated) · Byzantine Cappadocian / earlier Phrygian/Hittite use
Deepest excavated underground city in Cappadocia, connected to Kaymaklı and 200+ subterranean complexes via 8 km tunnel. Rolling stone doors 500 kg, ventilation shafts, chapels, wineries.