🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Toptepe
Neolithic-Chalcolithic (c.6000-3500 BCE) · Kırklareli–Karanovo to Gumelnița-Karanovo VI
Toptepe — buried neolithic-chalcolithic tell/village at Kırklareli Province.
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9,978 places to sift through. Narrow by kind, country, period or how firmly each one is established — contested and pseudoarchaeological claims are labelled here, never hidden.
🇯🇴 Jordan · Tell
Middle Bronze Age to Iron Age (2000–600 BCE) · Gileadite / Israelite / Ammonite
Tell el-Maqlub — Gilead in Ajloun Highlands, Jordan is a Middle Bronze Age to Iron Age (2000–600 BCE) tell attributed to Gileadite / Israelite / Ammonite.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Neolithic-Chalcolithic (c.6000-3500 BCE) · Kırklareli–Karanovo to Gumelnița-Karanovo VI
Toptepe — buried neolithic-chalcolithic tell/village at Kırklareli Province.
🇮🇹 Italy · Archaeological wonder
Claim 9600 BCE (Etna 500 ka volcano) · Pseudo Sicilian / Volcanology
Pseudoarchaeology – Schulten 1927 Tartessos–Sicily Aitna (Etna) Atlantis mirror misplaces Plato's island to Sicily Etna plain; Hausmann 1990s Sicilian Atlantis.
🇵🇹 Portugal · Megalith
Chalcolithic · Alcalar / Los Millares related
Western tholoi group of Alcalar Chalcolithic necropolis (c. 3000–2600 BCE) on Algarve ridge, comprising tholos Monte Velho and ancillary cists.
🇮🇳 India · Megalith
Iron Age (800–300 BCE) · Vidarbha megalithic
Bhagimohari — Nagpur Megalith Field Extension in Maharashtra, India is a Iron Age (800–300 BCE) megalithic attributed to Vidarbha megalithic. 42 stone circles spread over 2 ha with sarcophagus.
🇵🇹 Portugal · Megalith
Early to Late Neolithic · Alentejo Megalithic
Western arc of Almendres Cromlech (c. 6000–3000 BCE), the largest stone circle in Iberia with 95 granite menhirs in elliptical setting.
🇪🇸 Spain · Megalith
Chalcolithic to Early Bronze Age · Tagus Megalithic
Megalthic dolmen (c. 2000–3000 BCE) on Tagus terrace, first recorded by Obermaier, submerged under Valdecañas reservoir and exposed in drought.
🇧🇷 Brazil · Ancient city
Xinguano 800–1600 CE · Xinguano / Arawak
Cluster of 20+ pre-Columbian settlements in Xingu with causeways 50 m wide, plazas, reservoirs, showing dense urbanism (population 50k) in Amazon before 1492, built 800–1400 CE, described by Michael…
🇬🇭 Ghana · Ancient village
Later Stone Age Kintampo · Kintampo culture
Kintampo culture villages (2100–1400 BCE) with figurative terracotta 'cigars', ground stone axes and pioneering pearl millet + cowpea cultivation evidence (earliest in Ghana).
🇬🇹 Guatemala · Ancient city
Classic · Maya/Andean
Q'umarkaj — K'iche' capital with Temple of Tohil.
🇸🇾 Syria · Tell
Early Bronze Age (3000–2000 BCE) · Early Bronze Euphrates
Abe Naharayim — Euphrates Ford Tell in Aleppo Governorate, Syria is a Early Bronze Age (3000–2000 BCE) tell attributed to Early Bronze Euphrates.
🇨🇴 Colombia · Megalith
San Agustín Culture · San Agustín
San Agustín Archaeological Park in Huila Department, Colombia is a San Agustín Culture megalithic attributed to San Agustín culture. Inscribed UNESCO World Heritage Site (ID 744).
🇻🇳 Vietnam · Temple complex
Champa southern fringe (10th c. CE) · Cham fringe
Damrei Islands Cham Shrine — Phu Yen in Phu Yen Province, Vietnam is a Champa southern fringe (10th c. CE) temple-complex attributed to Cham fringe.
🇮🇶 Iraq · Ancient village
Pre-Pottery Neolithic (7000 BCE) · Jarmo-related
Matarrah — Jarmo Hinterland Village in Kirkuk Governorate, Iraq is a Pre-Pottery Neolithic (7000 BCE) ancient-village attributed to Jarmo-related.
🇵🇰 Pakistan · Temple complex
Kushan (300 CE) · Gandhara Buddhist
Mohra Moradu Monastery — Taxila Southern Annex in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan is a Kushan (300 CE) temple-complex attributed to Gandhara Buddhist.
🇮🇳 India · Tell
Mature Harappan (2500–1900 BCE) · Harappan
Shikarpur — Kutch Harappan Port Mound in Gujarat, India is a Mature Harappan (2500–1900 BCE) tell attributed to Harappan. Coastal Harappan port mound with Harappan and Sorath ware at Gulf of Kutch.
🇰🇪 Kenya · Ancient city
Swahili (14th–18th c. CE) · Swahili
Dondo Ruins — Lamu Mainland in Lamu County, Kenya is a Swahili (14th–18th c. CE) ancient-city attributed to Swahili. Mainland Swahili ruins opposite Manda Bay with walled town and Friday mosque.
🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Ancient village
Bronze Age · Cornish Bronze Age
Gunwalloe Hut Circles — Loe Bar in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom is a Bronze Age ancient-village attributed to Cornish Bronze Age.
🇿🇲 Zambia · Archaeological wonder
Acheulean / Sangoan · Homo heidelbergensis (?) woodworking
235 m single-drop waterfall with gorge stratigraphy preserving 500–300 ka Acheulean woodwork: 476-ka interlocking logs (world's oldest wooden structure, Barham Nature 2023) and 500 ka mortised timber.
🇮🇳 India · Megalith
Iron Age (700–300 BCE) · Vidarbha megalithic
Mahurjhari — Vidarbha Megalithic Tombs in Maharashtra, India is a Iron Age (700–300 BCE) megalithic attributed to Vidarbha megalithic. Stone circles with capstone cists and horse bits at Mahurjhari.
🇬🇷 Greece · Ancient village
Early Mesolithic · Aegean Mesolithic
Early Mesolithic open-air village on Kythnos (c. 8800–8600 BCE), the earliest Holocene settlement in the Cyclades with stone-built floors, burials, imported Melian obsidian and marine fauna.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Cave
Lower Palaeolithic to Middle Ages (c.400,000 BP–1400 CE) · Acheulean → Mousterian → Neolithic (Fikirtepe) → Byzantine
Bosphorus Palaeolithic twin cave (400 ka) with Acheulean and Fikirtepe burials on Küçükçekmece.
🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Ancient village
Pictish (7th–9th c.) and Norse (9th–12th c.) · Pictish / Norse (Earldom of Orkney)
Tidal islet at Birsay linked by causeway, famous for Pictish and Norse settlements overlapping. Pictish symbol stones and Norse earldom complex (9th–11th c.) with broch foundations underneath.
🇯🇴 Jordan · Ancient city
PPNA (c.9300–8600 BCE) · Sultaniyean PPNA
PPNA village (c.9300–8600 BCE) on the Lisan Peninsula at -200 m beside the Dead Sea, excavated by Bill Finlayson. Rectan...
