🇾🇪 Yemen · Hydraulic works
Marib Dam East Wadi Dhana Barrage
Sabaean to Himyarite · Kingdom of Saba (Sabaean South Arabian) then Himyar
480-m east rockfill barrage of Great Marib Dam at Balaq Hills gap.
🇵🇪 Peru · Ancient city
Caral-Supe
Late Archaic (2600 – 2000 BCE) · Caral-Supe (Norte Chico)
Caral-Supe in Lima, Peru is a Late Archaic (2600 – 2000 BCE) ancient city attributed to Caral-Supe (Norte Chico) culture.
🇨🇳 China · Temple complex
Maijishan North Niche 135
Northern Dynasties (Western Wei to Northern Zhou) · Northern Zhou Buddhist (Yuwen court patronage)
North-face shaded Maitreya pensive niche preserving straw-plastic polychrome.
🇸🇪 Sweden · Earthwork
Eketorp Ringfort — Öland
Iron Age to Medieval (c.400–1300 CE) · Scandinavian Migration/Vendel and Medieval Gotlandic–Swedish
Eketorp, on southeastern Öland's Stora Alvaret limestone plain, is the only fully excavated of Öland's 19 Iron Age ringforts, a concentric limestone-walled fortress 70 m diameter with 53…
🇧🇴 Bolivia · Fortress
El Fuerte de Samaipata
Chanè to Inca (1000 – 1500 CE) · Chanè / Inca / Guaraní
El Fuerte de Samaipata in Santa Cruz, Bolivia is a Chanè to Inca (1000 – 1500 CE) fortress attributed to Chanè / Inca / Guaraní culture. UNESCO 1998.
🇲🇽 Mexico · Ancient city
Xochicalco Mountain
Epiclassic (650 – 900 CE) · Central Mexican Epiclassic
Xochicalco Mountain in Morelos, Mexico is a Epiclassic (650 – 900 CE) ancient city attributed to Central Mexican Epiclassic culture. UNESCO 1999. Observatory cave with 6-month solar 30 cm beam.
🇯🇵 Japan · Tumulus
Mozu Kofun Cluster (Mozu-Furuichi)
Middle–Late Kofun 350–600 CE (Yamato mature) · Yamato Mozu–Furuichi Kofun tradition
Mozu Kofun Cluster — dense kofun cemetery (49 kofun inscribed, 160,000+ total in Japan, 4th–6th c CE) across Mozu and Furuichi plains 10 km south Osaka, excavated 1970s–2019 Shiraishi et al.
🇲🇽 Mexico · Archaeological wonder
Mitla
Postclassic 900–1521 CE (Mitla peak 1200–1520, Post-Monte Albán valley floor relocation) · Zapotec + Mixtec (Mixe-Zapotec, later Aztec tributary; Zapotec Lyobaa)
Postclassic Zapotec-Mixtec mortuary city and living palace center (900–1521 CE) abutting Monte Albán collapse population shift to valley floor: unparalleled geometric fret mosaic (grecas) facades…
🇪🇬 Egypt · Ancient city
Memphis (Men-nefer) – Mit Rahina Lost Metropolis
Early Dynastic to Late Antiquity (c.3100 BCE – 641 CE Arab conquest) · Egyptian (all periods), Persian, Greek, Roman
3100 BCE 'White Walls' capital covering 8 km – now invisible under fields except Ptah temple colossus.
🇨🇦 Canada · Archaeological wonder
Writing-on-Stone / Áísínai'pi
Archaic to Historic 1800 BCE–1920 CE; main biographic style 1730–1890 CE (post-horse) · Blackfoot Confederacy (Kainai, Piikani, Siksika) and ancestors (Besant, Avonlea, Old Women's phase)
Badlands sanctuary of sandstone hoodoos along Milk River where Blackfoot (Niitsitapi) inscribed and pecked >138 rock-art panels (1,200 images: warriors, horses after 1730, hoof biographic,…
🇪🇨 Ecuador · Hydraulic works
Achupallas Ingapirca Inca Road Segment
Late Horizon Inca Imperial (1470–1532 CE) · Inca (Topa Inca / Huayna Capac – Cañari conquest)
Extraordinary preserved 8 km upland paramo section of Inca Qhapaq Ñan (royal road) climbing 3600–4200 m across Azuay páramo linking Achupallas (Inca tambo) to Ingapirca (Hatun Cañar) via stone-paved…
🇮🇳 India · Submerged site
Mahabalipuram — Submerged Ancillary Mandapa (Tamil Nadu)
Bronze Age to Classical (2000 BCE–500 CE) · Bronze–Iron Age maritime
Mahabalipuram — Submerged Ancillary Mandapa (Tamil Nadu) in Tamil Nadu, Mahabalipuram, Submerged Shore, India is a Bronze Age to Classical (2000 BCE–500 CE…
🇮🇳 India · Pyramid
Dholavira Castle Mound — Khadirbet
Indus Valley Civilisation, Mature to Late Harappan (2650–1450 BCE) · Indus Valley (Harappan, Sorath Harappan)
Dholavira (Khadirbet) is the most spectacular Harappan city (100 ha) on Khadir island in the Great Rann of Kutch, excavated by R.S. Bisht 1989–2005.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Aphrodisias
Late Bronze Age to Byzantine (c.3000 BCE–12th century CE; peak Julio-Claudian to Severan) · Carian → Hellenistic Greek → Roman → Byzantine
Aphrodite's marble city with 30,000-seat stadium, Tetrapylon and Sebasteion reliefs.
🇲🇽 Mexico · Pyramid
Uxul — Pyramid M1 and Acropolis Pyramid (Calakmul Biosphere, Campeche, Mexico)
Preclassic to Late Classic (100 BCE–900 CE) · Maya (Kaan polity satellite)
Hugely sprawling 4 km² Late Classic centre (250–900 CE) between Tikal and Calakmul, dominated by Pyramid M1 (30x25 m, 14 m high with roof comb) and K2 double pyramid acropolis (two 12 m pyramids on…
🇨🇳 China · Rock-cut
Beishan Niche Complex — Dazu Extension Eastern Valley
Tang to Song (Late Tang Wei Junjing phase to Southern Song) · Sichuan Buddhist gentry (Dazu artisan guilds)
Dazu UNESCO eastern valley 150 niches Tang–Song 892–1169 with Avalokitesvara transformation.
🇳🇵 Nepal · Temple complex
Lumbini Sacred Garden
Shakya to Maurya to Gupta to modern pilgrimage · Shakya (Maya Devi) / Maurya / Buddhist
Birthplace of Siddhartha Gautama, Buddha Shakyamuni (623 BCE tradition), marked by Ashoka's 249 BCE Rummindei pillar with Brahmi inscription 'Buddha Sakyamuni was born here...' — oldest epigraphic…
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
Hillat el-Arab Cemetery
Late New Kingdom to early Napatan (1200–750 BCE) · Kushite (Nubian, Napatan early, Egyptianised)
Napatan-period cemetery (1200–750 BCE, early Kush) 3 km south of Jebel Barkal near Karima, on low sandstone ridge.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Pyramid
Pyramid of Ankhenespepi II — Queen of Pepi I
Old Kingdom, 6th Dynasty · Ancient Egyptian
Largest of Pepi I’s queens pyramids, positioned south-west of Pepi I’s enclosure at South Saqqara, built for Ankhenespepi II, sister-wife of Pepi I who survived to become queen-mother of Pepi II as…
🇮🇱 Israel · Tell
Tel Beersheba
Chalcolithic to Byzantine (peak Iron I–II, 1200–701 BCE) · Chalcolithic well-diggers → Canaanite → Israelite/Judahite → Assyrian → Byzantine
UNESCO biblical frontier tell with four-room houses and Israel's earliest engineered water-tunnel.
🇧🇷 Brazil · Geoglyph
Acre — Geoglyph Ancillary Square Ramal 4 (Brazil)
Formative to Late Intermediate (800 BCE–1400 CE) · Andean Formative
Acre — Geoglyph Ancillary Square Ramal 4 (Brazil) in Acre, Rio Branco, Acre Geoglyph Ramal4, Brazil is a Formative to Late Intermediate (800 BCE–1400 CE) g…
🇰🇿 Kazakhstan · Rock art
Tamgaly II Central Gorge Petroglyphs
Late Bronze Age to Early Medieval · Andronovo, Saka, Wusun, Turkic
Central tributary gorge of the Tamgaly (Tanbaly) UNESCO landscape 170 km NW Almaty, comprising 4.5 km of northwest-facing Chu-Ili schist panels with ~800 engravings.
🇲🇽 Mexico · Pyramid
Calakmul — Structure II North Facade Mask (Campeche)
Old to Middle Kingdom (2700–1800 BCE) · Old Kingdom / Middle Kingdom; Maya
Calakmul — Structure II North Facade Mask (Campeche) in Campeche, Calakmul, Mexico is a Old to Middle Kingdom (2700–1800 BCE) pyramid attributed to Old Kin…
🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city
Derr — Buried Temple North Ancillary Pylon (Nubia, Border)
Neolithic to Bronze Age (6000–1200 BCE) · Bronze Age
Derr — Buried Temple North Ancillary Pylon (Nubia, Border) in Aswan, Derr, New Derr, Egypt is a Neolithic to Bronze Age (6000–1200 BCE) buried city attribu…