🇮🇳 India · Hydraulic works
Kallur Chola Tank (Kallur Eri) – Thanjavur Outlier
Chola Middle (Rajaraja I) · Tamil Chola (Muvendar)
95-ha Chola eri tank (c.1010 CE) at Kallur — Brihadeeswarar temple hydraulic outlier.
🇮🇳 India · Hydraulic works
Dholavira Bailey Reservoir North Embankment Annex — Western Terrace
Harappan Mature (2600-1900 BCE) · Harappan
Dholavira Bailey Reservoir North Embankment Annex — Western Terrace in Gujarat, Kutch, India is a Harappan Mature (2600-1900 BCE) hydraulic attributed to Harappan.
🇮🇳 India · Hydraulic works
Lothal Dockyard Eastern Warehouse Annex — Northern Annex
Harappan Mature (2600-1900 BCE) · Harappan
Lothal Dockyard Eastern Warehouse Annex — Northern Annex in Gujarat, Ahmedabad, India is a Harappan Mature (2600-1900 BCE) hydraulic attributed to Harappan.
🇩🇿 Algeria · Hydraulic works
Foggara of Tit — Ouled Sidi Mahdi Foggaric Chain (Tit Oasis Foggaras)
Medieval Zenata Berber to early modern (1100–1600 CE) · Zenata Berber / Touat oases
Tit village foggaras (320 m) in Tidikelt–Touat transition: 8 foggaras totaling 11.2 km with 135 shafts (6–12 m) tapping Continental Intercalaire sandstone aquifer at In Salah depression.
🇮🇳 India · Hydraulic works
Lothal Dockyard Eastern Warehouse Annex — Western Terrace
Harappan Mature (2600-1900 BCE) · Harappan
Lothal Dockyard Eastern Warehouse Annex — Western Terrace in Gujarat, Ahmedabad, India is a Harappan Mature (2600-1900 BCE) hydraulic attributed to Harappan.
🇾🇪 Yemen · Hydraulic works
Marib Great Dam North Sluice Annex — Eastern Outlier
Early South Arabian (800 BCE-600 CE) · Sabaean
Marib Great Dam North Sluice Annex — Eastern Outlier in Marib Governorate, Yemen is a Early South Arabian (800 BCE-600 CE) hydraulic attributed to Sabaean.
🇵🇰 Pakistan · Hydraulic works
Mohenjo-daro Great Bath Western Drain Annex — Northern Annex
Harappan Mature (2600-1900 BCE) · Harappan
Mohenjo-daro Great Bath Western Drain Annex — Northern Annex in Sindh, Larkana, Pakistan is a Harappan Mature (2600-1900 BCE) hydraulic attributed to Harappan.
🇸🇾 Syria · Hydraulic works
Qasr al-Hayr East Canal Extension (Harbaqa Reservoir East Canal to Palmyra Steppe Palace)
Byzantine to Umayyad (580–728 CE) Palmyra steppe · Byzantine–Umayyad steppe palace (Hisham)
East Harbaqa canal 8.2 km rock-cut 2.2×1.4 m with 12 evaporation covers 180 m to Hayr East hayr 2.8 km wall.
🇮🇱 Israel · Hydraulic works
Ma'agan Michael Byzantine Reservoir & Aqueduct
Byzantine (Justinianic) · Byzantine Palestina Prima
Byzantine 6.5-ha reservoir (c.530 CE) on Nahal Taninim — Caesarea hinterland water buffer.
🇧🇬 Bulgaria · Hydraulic works
Seuthopolis Reservoir Embankment East
Hellenistic (400-200 BCE) · Thracian
Seuthopolis Reservoir Embankment East in Kazanlak, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria is a Hellenistic (400-200 BCE) hydraulic attributed to Thracian.
🇮🇳 India · Hydraulic works
Lothal Dockyard Eastern Warehouse Annex
Harappan Mature (2600-1900 BCE) · Harappan
Lothal Dockyard Eastern Warehouse Annex in Gujarat, Ahmedabad, India is a Harappan Mature (2600-1900 BCE) hydraulic attributed to Harappan.
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Ortona Indian Mounds
Late Woodland – Glades I–II (300 BCE–1150 CE) · Glades / Calusa tradition (Okeechobee Basin)
Late Woodland–Glades/Calusa affiliated town (300 BCE–1150 CE, peak 550–850) spread 5 sq mi along Caloosahatchee River north bank: 3 sand mounds (Mound A Plaza 3.5 m, Mound B and borrow mound), 2…
🇪🇬 Egypt · Hydraulic works
Sadd el-Kafara North Embankment Wadi Garawi
Old Kingdom · 4th Dynasty Egypt (Sneferu to Khufu horizon)
North wing 55 m of world's oldest large dam (Old Kingdom) breached during construction.
🇾🇪 Yemen · Hydraulic works
Wadi Zabid Spate Dam (Tihama Spate Outlets)
Islamic Ziyadid to Rasulid (9th–15th c.) · Tihama Ziyadid–Rasulid
Zabid Tihama: 5 earthen ogma spate spurs forming 35 km² delta at UNESCO Zabid 14.20N.
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Pineland Archeological Site (Calusa Complex)
Caloosahatchee I–V (100–1710 CE, major 500–1500) · Caloosahatchee (Calusa kingdom)
Capital water-court capital (Randell Complex) of Calusa chiefdom (100–1500 CE, historic to 1710): 5 sand-shell mounds up to 9 m high (Brown's Mound 50×45 m), Adam's Mound, Randell Mound, Low Mound…
🇮🇳 India · Hydraulic works
Kallanai Grand Anicut East Channel
Early Historic to Medieval · Early Chola, Medieval Chola, Vijayanagara
800-m-east Kallanai east channel with 9-sluice Chola regulator feeding east delta.
🇮🇷 Iran · Hydraulic works
Kurit Upper Arch Dam — Tabas Foshinkan Upper Weir (Kurit Superior)
Ilkhanid (14th c 1330 CE) upper completion · Ilkhanid–Safavid
Upper arch weir 2.2 km upstream of main Kurit arch dam (60 m high Ilkhanid arch, tallest pre-modern) in Tabas gorge (1,020 m), forming cascade: upper weir 12 m high 34 m crest, reservoir 45,000 m3…
🇨🇳 China · Hydraulic works
Turpan Shengjinkou Karez Gorge Head (Shengjinkou Gorge Karez System)
Han to Qing continuum (200 BCE–1900 CE) karez re-use · Gaochang / Uyghur oasis
Gorge-head karez at Shengjinkou Yardang Gorge mouth northwest Turpan Depression (−45 m, below sea level, unique globally).
🇮🇷 Iran · Hydraulic works
Qanat-e Zarch West Branch (Yazd Zarch Qanat Western Gallery)
Ilkhanid branch on Achaemenid–Sasanian trunk · Ilkhanid Yazd (branch) on Persian qanat tradition
Qanat-e Zarch west: 11.2-km Ilkhanid branch of world's longest 71-km Yazd qanat, UNESCO 1476.
🇯🇴 Jordan · Hydraulic works
Jawa Dam South Basalt Spillway
Early Bronze Age IA · Proto-Jawa Ghassulian-Chalcolithic
120-m south spillway with ogee crest and riprap of main Jawa dam — earliest weir hydraulics.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Hydraulic works
Wadi al-Jarf — Harbour North Ancillary Gallery (Suez, Egypt)
Early Bronze to Medieval (3000 BCE–1400 CE) · Hydraulic culture
Wadi al-Jarf — Harbour North Ancillary Gallery (Suez, Egypt) in Suez, Wadi al-Jarf, Egypt is a Early Bronze to Medieval (3000 BCE–1400 CE) hydraulic attrib…
🇸🇾 Syria · Hydraulic works
Resafa (Sergiopolis) — North Basilica Cistern B
Early Bronze to Medieval (3000 BCE–1400 CE) · Hydraulic culture
Resafa (Sergiopolis) — North Basilica Cistern B in Raqqa, Resafa, Syria is a Early Bronze to Medieval (3000 BCE–1400 CE) hydraulic attributed to Hydraulic …
🇪🇬 Egypt · Pyramid
Seila Pyramid
Old Kingdom, 3rd–early 4th Dynasty (~2630–2600 BCE) · Ancient Egyptian
Fayum provincial step pyramid on Gebel el-Rus (c.2630 BCE, up to Sneferu), 25 m base, 6.8 m high, four steps.
🇮🇳 India · Hydraulic works
Kallanai Kollidam North Sluice Extension
Early Historic to Chola Medieval · Chola (Early and Medieval)
95-m north Kollidam offtake with 12 dovetail sluice bays saving delta from avulsion.