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🇺🇿 Uzbekistan · Ancient city
Achaemenid 4th c BCE → Sogdian 4th–8th c → Samanid 9th–11th c · Sogdian Bukhara (City of Merchants) → Samanid Islamic
Paykend — Sogdian–Islamic Silk Road city of merchants (4th c BCE–11th c CE) 50 km west Bukhara, excavated 1910s–2000s Semenov and Naymark.
🇺🇿 Uzbekistan · Temple complex
Kushan 1st–4th c CE (Kanishka–Huvishka) · Kushan Bactria Buddhist (Gandhara–Bactrian)
AyrTam — Kushan Buddhist monastery (1st–4th c CE) 17 km east Termez on Amu Darya north bank, discovered 1932 (Stavisky frieze), excavated 1963–82 Stavisky and 1979 Kushan inscription found.
🇺🇿 Uzbekistan · Fortress
Iron Age to Classical (700 BCE–300 CE) · Iron Age fortified culture
Bukhara — Ark Citadel East Gate in Bukhara, Ark, Uzbekistan is a Iron Age to Classical (700 BCE–300 CE) fortress attributed to Iron Age fortified culture. …
🇺🇿 Uzbekistan · Ancient city
Ferghana Hellenistic to Karakhanid (300 BCE–1200 CE) · Ferghana (Dayuan/Ershi) to Karakhanid
Mingtepa is Ferghana capital Ershi — 35-ha walled city with Greek fort, Sogdian palace, Karakhanid mosque, identified with Chinese Han Ershi and Ferghana horses.
🇺🇿 Uzbekistan · Ancient city
Achaemenid to Mongol (c.500 BCE–1220 CE, Sogdian peak 6th–8th cent CE) · Sogdian / Kushan / Islamic
Ancient Samarkand (Maracanda) — 220 ha Sogdian walled plateau with 7th-century Afrasiab murals of Eurasian envoys.
🇺🇿 Uzbekistan · Temple complex
Kushan (1st–3rd century CE) · Kushan Buddhist
Kushan Buddhist monastery on Termez oasis — fresco hall with Alexander-processional mural (1st–3rd cent CE).
🇺🇿 Uzbekistan · Ancient city
Kushan–Khorezm (1st–3rd c. CE) · Khorezmian (Artav)
Toprak-Kala — Khorezm Palace of Artaxerxes in Karakalpakstan, Uzbekistan is a Kushan–Khorezm (1st–3rd c. CE) ancient-city attributed to Khorezmian (Artav).
🇺🇿 Uzbekistan · Archaeological wonder
The site of ancient settlement at Kanka (Uzbek: Qanqa), Uzbekistan, is located in 80 km southwest of Tashkent, in the southeastern outskirts of the Eltamgali settlement.
🇺🇿 Uzbekistan · Archaeological wonder
The archaeological site of Ancient Pap (also known as Balandtepa) is located on the bank of the Syr Darya River in the Namangan Region of Uzbekistan.
🇺🇿 Uzbekistan · Archaeological wonder
Burchmullo (Uzbek: Burchmullo, Russian: Бурчмулла, romanized: Burchmulla, formerly Brichmulla) is an urban-type settlement in the northeast of Tashkent Region, Uzbekistan.
🇺🇿 Uzbekistan · Rock art
Upper Palaeolithic to Iron Age (30000 BCE–500 CE) · Multi-period rock art
Sarmish Rock Art Camel Caravan Panel in Navoi, Sarmish, Uzbekistan is a Upper Palaeolithic to Iron Age (30000 BCE–500 CE) rock art attributed to Multi-period rock art.
🇺🇿 Uzbekistan · Ancient city
Kangju–Kushan Khorezmian 200 BCE–200 CE · Khorezmian (Chorasmian) Zoroastrian
Khorezmian ceremonial city (c.2 c. BCE–2 c. CE) at Kazakly-Yatkan near Beruni — 10 ha double-walled town with ceremonial palace complex (Columned Hall 30×30 m with 20 columns), fire temple, and…
🇺🇿 Uzbekistan · Archaeological wonder
Djarkutan (also Dzharkutan; Uzbek: Jarqoʻton) is a prehistoric proto-urban settlement in Uzbekistan and a center of ancient civilizations in Bactria, the area from which may be the founder of the…
🇺🇿 Uzbekistan · Ancient city
Kelteminar Neolithic (4000–3000) → Kangju–Khorezmian 4 c. BCE–1 c. CE · Kelteminar → Khorezmian (Chorasmian)
Khorezmian desert fortress (c.4 c. BCE–1 c. CE) in the Uyaz valley of Karakalpakstan — small rectangular fort 200×170 m with 10 bastions and Neolithic Dzhanbas-4 settlement 2 km away (Kelteminar…
🇺🇿 Uzbekistan · Ancient city
Bronze Age to Classical (3000 BCE–500 CE) · Bronze Age urban
Samarkand — Afrasiab Palace Fresco Hall North in Samarkand, Afrasiab, Uzbekistan is a Bronze Age to Classical (3000 BCE–500 CE) ancient city attributed to …
🇺🇿 Uzbekistan · Ancient city
Hellenistic Greco-Bactrian (c. late 4th–2nd cent BCE, Achaemenid precursor debated) · Greco-Bactrian (Alexander successor kingdom)
Greco-Bactrian frontier phrourion — 13-tower stone fortress locking Bactria–Sogdiana pass on Susiztag ridge.
🇺🇿 Uzbekistan · Temple complex
Kushan (50 BCE–150 CE early Kushan) · Kushan (Heraios, Kujula Kadphises)
Khalchayan — Kushan Palace Hall North in Surkhandarya Province, Uzbekistan is a Kushan (50 BCE–150 CE early Kushan) temple-complex attributed to Kushan (Heraios, Kujula Kadphises).
🇺🇿 Uzbekistan · Ancient village
Sogdian–Kangju (200 BCE–300 CE) · Kangju–Sarmatian to Sogdian (Orlat plaques)
Orlat is the Sarmatian–Kangju cemetery with famed Orlat bone plaques — carved battle and hunting scenes linking Sogdiana to Steppe nomads, 4 kurgans (8 m high).
🇺🇿 Uzbekistan · Fortress
Hellenistic to Kushan (300 BCE–200 CE) Alexander crossing? · Graeco-Bactrian frontier
Kampyr Tepe — Oxus Fort in Surkhandarya Province, Uzbekistan is a Hellenistic to Kushan (300 BCE–200 CE) Alexander crossing? fortress attributed to Graeco-Bactrian frontier.
🇺🇿 Uzbekistan · Ancient city
Hellenistic to Kushan (c.3rd cent BCE–4th cent CE, Kushan peak 1st–3rd cent CE) · Kushan (northern Bactria/Tokharistan)
Kushan city in Surkhan Darya valley — 25 ha walled town with Gandharan stucco Buddha workshop.
🇺🇿 Uzbekistan · Temple complex
Kushan–Sasanian (100 BCE–500 CE) · Kushan Buddhist (Khalchayan–Termez)
Kara Tepe — Old Termez Stupa Terrace in Surkhandarya Province, Uzbekistan is a Kushan–Sasanian (100 BCE–500 CE) temple-complex attributed to Kushan Buddhist (Khalchayan–Termez).
🇺🇿 Uzbekistan · Ancient city
Hellenistic to Kushan (320 BCE–500 CE) · Seleucids to Kushans (Yuezhi)
Yerkurgan is a Hellenistic–Kushan city (30 ha) near Karshi with Kushan palace, Greek Corinthian capitals, and Buddhist temple on the Silk Road.
🇺🇿 Uzbekistan · Ancient city
Kushan to Sasanian (1st–5th century CE) · Kushan → Sasanian Kidarites
Kushan–Sasanian delta city in Surkhandarya — 15 ha shahristan mapped by multispectral remote sensing.
🇺🇿 Uzbekistan · Temple complex
Kushan (1st–3rd c. CE) · Kushan Buddhist (Kanishka)
Fayaz Tepe — Termez Buddhist Stupa and Monastery in Surkhandarya Province, Uzbekistan is a Kushan (1st–3rd c. CE) temple-complex attributed to Kushan Buddhist (Kanishka).
