🇷🇺 Russia · Submerged site
Toricos — Cape Toretae Southern Harbour (Anapa South Cape)
Archaic to Hellenistic (560 BCE – 50 BCE) · Toretae Maeotian / Greek
Southern cape harbour of Toricos at Toretae Cape — 45 m jetty at –2.5 m and breakwater spur.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Submerged site
Quseir al-Qadim — Mangrove Harbour Extension at Marsa Nakari West (Leukos Limen West)
Roman to Mamluk (25 BCE – 1450 CE) · Roman / Islamic (Ayyubid-Mamluk)
Western mangrove bay of Quseir al-Qadim at Marsa Nakari west — gypsum quay at –1.2 m and 14th c. Islamic warehouses.
🇮🇱 Israel · Submerged site
Ashkelon – Submerged Canaanite–Philistine Anchorage and Dog-Harbour
Early Bronze to Crusader (c. 3500 BCE – 1270 CE) · Canaanite / Philistine / Phoenician / Hellenistic / Roman / Crusader
Philistine pentapolis roadsteads – anchor fields and rubble dog-leg breakwater 2–4 m offshore of Ashkelon tell.
🇷🇺 Russia · Submerged site
Gorgippia — Southern Breakwater at Anapa Bay
Early Holocene wetland to Late Antiquity · Bosporan Greek
Southern mole of Gorgippia — 75 m rubble breakwater at 4–6 m protecting Sukko anchorage in Anapa Bay.
🇬🇷 Greece · Submerged site
Abdera — Submerged Archaic Harbour at Avdira (Thrace Bulustra)
Archaic to Hellenistic (656 BCE – 200 BCE) · Clazomenian / Teian Ionian Greek
Clazomenian Archaic harbour of Abdera at Bulustra lagoon — 90 m mole at –2 m and walls 400 m, Thrace intelektual port.
🇧🇴 Bolivia · Submerged site
Lake Titicaca — Pilko Kaina Bay Submerged Temple Reef
Tiahuanaco to Inca (c.600 – 1532 CE) · Tiahuanaco / Inca (Pilko Kaina Inca palace hypothesis)
Titicaca highest submerged temple — 10×8 m offering reef and 120 m causeway 2–8 m under lake at 3810 m off Pilko Kaina, Tiahuanaco-Inca votive gold/mullu.
🇺🇦 Ukraine · Submerged site
Nymphaion — Eltegen Eastern Breakwater Harbour
Neolithic land surface to Late Antiquity · Milesian / Bosporan
Eastern fish harbour of Nymphaion — curved breakwater and tidal salt-pool at 2.5–4 m in Eltegen Bay.
🇷🇺 Russia · Submerged site
Hermonassa — Southern Mole Harbour on Tuzla Spit South (Taman)
Archaic to Late Antique (600 BCE – 400 CE) · Ionian Greek / Bosporan
Southern Strait mole of Hermonassa on Tuzla South — 180 m rubble mole at –3 m controlling Kerch Strait.
🇺🇦 Ukraine · Submerged site
Myrmekion — South Harbour Submerged Quay (Kerch Strait South)
Archaic to Late Antique (570 BCE – 370 CE) · Ionian / Bosporan
South Strait harbour of Myrmekion — 70 m quay at –2.5 m and wine cellar.
🇮🇹 Italy · Submerged site
Caulonia – Achaean Harbour at Monasterace
Archaic to Hellenistic (c. 700–200 BCE) · Achaean Greek / Bruttian
Achaean colony harbour drowned at Punta Stilo – mole blocks at –1.5 m off Monasterace Marina.
🇨🇳 China · Submerged site
Fuxian Lake – Dian Kingdom Sunken City, Yunnan
Warring States to Eastern Han (c. 300 BCE – 100 CE) · Dian Kingdom / Han
Dian kingdom lake city 20 m deep in Fuxian – 2 km² walled town and pyramid platform.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Submerged site
Ayn Sukhna — Galala Harbour at Wadi al-Jarf North Anchorage (Pharaonic)
Old Kingdom to New Kingdom (2600 – 1200 BCE) · Old Kingdom Egyptian
Northern Galala pharaonic anchorage of Ayn Sukhna — sandstone quay at –1.5 m and 100 m slipway for Sneferu Sinai fleet.
🇷🇺 Russia · Submerged site
Phanagoria — Eastern Lobe Submerged Lower Town (Taman Bay)
Archaic to Medieval (543 BCE – 10th c. CE) · Ionian Greek / Bosporan Kingdom
Easternmost third of Phanagoria submerged 1–5 m in Taman Bay — harbour mole, shipwreck and street grid 300 m offshore.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Submerged site
Clazomenae – Olive-Oil Harbour at Liman Tepe, Urla
Archaic to Hellenistic (c. 650–100 BCE) · Ionian Greek
Archaic olive-oil harbour – ashlar quay at –0.5 m off Liman Tepe, Urla.
🇬🇷 Greece · Submerged site
Stryme – Thasian Harbour on the Thracian Coast, Abdera
Archaic to Classical (680–350 BCE) · Thasian Greek / Thracian
Thasian colony 7th c. BCE at Nestos mouth — twin 90 m moles at −4 m in lagoon disputed by Thasos and Maroneia (Herodotus).
🇪🇬 Egypt · Submerged site
Quseir al-Qadim — Southern Roman Anchorage Extension
Ptolemaic to Islamic (280 BCE – 1400 CE) · Ptolemaic / Roman / Ayyubid
Quseir/Myos Hormos southern twin basin — Roman concrete mole and Ayyubid jetty 0.3–1.2 m submerged south of main harbour.
🇷🇺 Russia · Submerged site
Gorgippia — Northern Basin Breakwater Extension (Anapa Bay North)
Archaic to Late Antique (600 BCE – 400 CE) · Ionian Greek / Bosporan
Northern breakwater of Gorgippia at Anapa Bay north — 150 m ashlar mole at –2 m and warehouse podium.
🇷🇺 Russia · Submerged site
Gorgippia — Northern Basin Breakwater Extension (Anapa Bay North) — v2
Archaic to Late Antique (600 BCE – 400 CE) · Ionian Greek / Bosporan
Northern breakwater of Gorgippia at Anapa Bay north — 150 m ashlar mole at –2 m and warehouse podium.
🇷🇺 Russia · Submerged site
Patrai — Western Emporium Anchorage at Taman Strait (Western Strait)
Archaic to Late Antique (600 BCE – 400 CE) · Ionian Greek / Bosporan
Western strait emporium of Patrai at Taman Strait — 70 m mole at –3 m and customs quay with moorings.
🇷🇺 Russia · Submerged site
Pantikapaion — Harbour and Submerged North Slope (Kerch Bay)
Archaic to Late Antique (c.600 BCE – 375 CE) · Milesian Greek / Bosporan Kingdom
Bosporan capital on Mount Mithridat — lower harbour and north-slope warehouses now 0.5–3 m submerged in Kerch Bay.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Norsuntepe
Chalcolithic–Iron Age (c.4000–800 BCE) · Ubaid → Early Transcaucasian → Hurrian → Hittite → Urartian hinterland
Keban rescue tell (Ubaid–Iron Age, 35 m high, EBA palace) now submerged under Lake Keban.
🇷🇺 Russia · Submerged site
Patrai — Strait Emporium Submerged (Kerch Strait Taman Shore)
Archaic to Roman (c.550 BCE – 240 CE) · Ionian Greek / Bosporan
Kerch Strait narrows emporium — lower harbour 1.5–4 m submerged on Taman spit opposite Kerch, controls Bosporus passage.
🇸🇾 Syria · Tell
Tell Mureybet (Tell Mureybit)
Natufian to PPNB (12,200–8000 BCE; Phase IA–IVB) · Natufian → Khiamian (Mureybatian) → PPNA → PPNB
Submerged Euphrates tell bridging Natufian to PPNB with early domestic einkorn and lion figurine.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Submerged site
Teos Harbour – Archaic Mole at Sığacık
Archaic to Hellenistic (c. 700–100 BCE) · Ionian Greek / Persian
Ionian wine harbour – 110 m Archaic mole at –1 m off Sığacık.